Buckling of stainless steel columns and beams in fire

Ng, K.T.; Gardner, Leroy

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.06.014

Cited by 84 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The amplitude of the local imperfection was varied from t/10 to t/1000 while that of the global imperfection was varied from L/100 to L/10000. As in previous research Nethercot, 2004, Ng andGardner, 2007), the maximum compressive resistances of the braces were found to be relatively insensitive to variation in global imperfection amplitude below about L/1000. The study also showed that larger amplitudes of local imperfection (and to a lesser extent global imperfection) caused earlier local buckling but the effect on fracture was small.…”

Section: Initial Imperfectionssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The effect of global imperfection amplitude on the buckling of tubular columns under ambient and fire scenarios has been examined numerically in previous studies Nethercot, 2004, Ng andGardner, 2007). The results of these studies have indicated that buckling loads were relatively insensitive to variation in imperfection amplitudes below about L/1000, where L is the column length, with an amplitude of L/2000 providing the best prediction of test behaviour.…”

Section: Initial Imperfectionsmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Ultimate behaviour of steel braces under cyclic loading

Nip

Gardner

Elghazouli

2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures

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Under significant seismic loading conditions, the response of concentrically braced frames largely depends on the behaviour of the diagonal braces, which represent the key energy dissipating zones. Although the hysteretic response of steel braces under cyclic axial loading has been examined in previous studies, there is a need for further assessments which focuses on quantifying failure. This paper describes the development of detailed finite element models of hollow sections subjected to cyclic axial loading. The effects of initial imperfections and cyclic hardening are taken into consideration and the models are validated against data from 19 tests. A method to predict the fracture life of bracing members under cyclic loading is also described.Using the numerical models, parametric studies are undertaken to assess the influence of global and local slendernesses on the performance of the braces -both are found to affect the occurrence and severity of local buckling under cyclic loading, which causes high localised strains at the corner areas of sections leading to fatigue fracture.A predictive equation addressing the co-existing influence of global slenderness and local slenderness on displacement ductility is presented. The observations in the current study are compared with the conclusions from other experimental programmes and the discrepancy between the findings is discussed.

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Section: Initial Imperfectionssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Initial Imperfectionsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Ultimate behaviour of steel braces under cyclic loading

Nip

Gardner

Elghazouli

2013

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures

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“…These specific factors for stainless steel are given in Annex C of EN 1993-1-2, where a stress-strain relationship for stainless steel at elevated temperatures is also defined. Since this standard was published, a significant amount of further research has been carried out into the performance of stainless steel in fire [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] and more data are available on the performance of a larger number of stainless steels suitable for structural applications. In the next edition of EN 1993-1-2, it is therefore proposed to include eight generic sets of reduction factors which describe the elevated temperature behaviour for a group of stainless steels, instead of a set of reduction factors for each specific grade of stainless steel [39].…”

Section: Fire Resistant Design Of Structural Stainless Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated temperature material properties of stainless steel reinforcing bar

Gardner

Francis

et al. 2016

Construction and Building Materials

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Corrosion of carbon steel reinforcing bar can lead to deterioration of concrete structures, especially in regions where road salt is heavily used or in areas close to sea water. Although stainless steel reinforcing bar costs more than carbon steel, its selective use for high risk elements is cost-effective when the whole life costs of the structure are taken into account. Considerations for specifying stainless steel reinforcing bars and a review of applications are presented herein. Attention is then given to the elevated temperature properties of stainless steel reinforcing bars, which are needed for structural fire design, but have been unexplored to date. A programme of isothermal and anisothermal tensile tests on four types of stainless steel reinforcing bar is described: 1.4307 (304L), 1.4311 (304LN), 1.4162 (LDX 2101  ) and 1.4362 (2304). Bars of diameter 12 mm and 16 mm were studied, plain round and ribbed. Reduction factors were calculated for the key strength, stiffness and ductility properties and compared to equivalent factors for stainless steel plate and strip, as well as those for carbon steel reinforcement. The test results demonstrate that the reduction factors for 0.2% proof strength, strength at 2% strain and ultimate strength derived for stainless steel plate and strip can also be applied to stainless steel reinforcing bar. Revised reduction factors for ultimate strain and fracture strain at elevated temperatures have been proposed. The ability of two-stage Ramberg-Osgood expressions to capture accurately the stress-strain response of stainless steel reinforcement at both room temperature and elevated temperatures is also demonstrated.

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“…Franssen et al [12] developed a computer program SAFIR, which was used by many researchers [13][14][15]. Also a number of researchers [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] used commercial FEA software ABAQUS to carry out the structural analysis of steel frames at elevated temperatures. The most of above mentioned analyses are based on static analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive collapse analysis of steel structures under fire conditions

Sun

Huang

Burgess

2012

Engineering Structures

144

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In this paper a robust static-dynamic procedure has been developed. The development extends the capability of the Vulcan software to model the dynamic and static behaviour of steel buildings during both local and global progressive collapse of the structures under fire conditions. The explicit integration method was adopted in the dynamic procedure. This model can be utilized to allow a structural analysis to continue beyond the temporary instabilities which would cause singularities in the full static analyses. The automatic switch between static and dynamic analysis makes the Vulcan a powerful tool to investigate the mechanism of the progressive collapse of the structures generated by the local failure of components. The procedure was validated against several practical cases. Some preliminary studies of the collapse mechanism of steel frame due to columns' failure under fire conditions are also presented. It is concluded that for un-braced frame the lower loading ratio and bigger beam section can give higher failure temperature in which the global structural collapse happens. However, the localised collapse of the frame with the higher loading ratio and smaller beam section can more easily be generated.The bracing system is helpful to prevent the frame from progressive collapse. The higher lateral stiffness of the frame can generate the smaller vertical deformation of the failed column at the restable position. However, the global failure temperature of the frame is not sensitive to the lateral stiffness of the frame.

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Buckling of stainless steel columns and beams in fire

Cited by 84 publications

References 14 publications

Ultimate behaviour of steel braces under cyclic loading

Ultimate behaviour of steel braces under cyclic loading

Elevated temperature material properties of stainless steel reinforcing bar

Progressive collapse analysis of steel structures under fire conditions

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