“…The wide clinical spectrum and natural history of such cases have been reviewed by Nakamura et al (1968). It will be recalled that although such cases are reported to be the predominant cause of the Budd-Chiari syndrome in Japan (Nakamura et al, 1968), similar isolated cases have been reported from America (Bennett, 1950;Watkins and Fortin, 1964;Lam, Green, and Gale, 1965;Schaffner, Gadboys, Safran, Baron, and Aufses, 1967;Davis, Peters, and Reynold, 1968), England (Hepner, Steiner, and Bentall, 1969), India (Bhale Rao, Personal communication), Africa (Rogers, Chesler, Du Plessis, Joffe, and Joubert, 1967), and New Zealand (Smith, 1965). It is of interest that five of our 11 patients had the clinical, radiological, and haemodynamic similarity to the cases described as membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava in the hepatic portion (Kimura et al, 1963).…”