Budgeting carbon for urbanization in China

Abstract

China's urbanization in the post‐reform period since 1978 is especially notable for three features: large scale, fast speed, and long process. And it is now facing challenges in land, energy, water resources, and environment. All these challenges are linked to the emissions of carbon dioxide. As China is expected to have a cap on emissions, there must be a limit to emissions over the process of urbanization in China. In this article, a comprehensive analysis is implemented aimed at budgeting carbon for China's urbanization from 2020 to 2040. By incorporating the concept and principle of ecological civilization into China's urbanization, the constraint on carbon budget not only increases the market demand for raw materials, labor, and commodities that act as the main driving forces for economic growth, but also guarantees the state energy safety and contributes to the global ecological security. WIREs Energy Environ 2015, 4:406–409. doi: 10.1002/wene.153 This article is categorized under: Energy and Climate > Climate and Environment Energy Policy and Planning > Climate and Environment

Dynamic evaluation of the ecological civilization of Jiangxi Province: GIS and AHP approaches

“…While evaluating the level of ecological innovation in the region, Chen et al (2017) [ 27 ] considers that the technology is driven by the market and the environmental regulation has a positive impact on it. China faces many challenges in the process of urbanization and industrialization, which includes land, water, energy and environment, and they are all related to carbon dioxide emissions [ 29 – 32 ], The construction of ecological civilization can not only increase the capital efficiency of low-carbon economy development, but also enhance the competitiveness of low-carbon economy development [ 33 ], China should incorporate it into the whole process of urbanization and industrialization [ 31 ].…”

“…While evaluating the level of ecological innovation in the region, Chen et al (2017) [27] considers that the technology is driven by the market and the environmental regulation has a positive impact on it. China faces many challenges in the process of urbanization and industrialization, which includes land, water, energy and environment, and they are all related to carbon dioxide emissions [29][30][31][32],…”

“…The construction of ecological civilization can not only increase the capital efficiency of lowcarbon economy development, but also enhance the competitiveness of low-carbon economy development [33], China should incorporate it into the whole process of urbanization and industrialization [31].…”

“…Chen et al (2017) [27] believes that the technology driven by market and environmental regulation has a beneficial influence on innovation in turn. In the process of urbanization and industrialization, China faces many challenges in the process of urbanization and industrialization, including land, water, energy, and the environment, all of which are linked to carbon dioxide emissions [29][30][31][32][33]. The development of ecological civilization may improve not only the capital efficiency of low-carbon economy growth, but also its competitiveness PLOS ONE [34].…”

Decreasing Net Primary Productivity in Response to Urbanization in Liaoning Province, China

“…In some areas, land that was once fertile and productive-forests, grasslands and farmland-is now predominantly urban [6,7]. The environmental problems caused by urbanization are gaining increasing attention [8][9][10], but are still poorly quantified.…”