Bufavirus, Cosavirus, and Salivirus in Diarrheal Italian Infants

Daprà, Valentina; Galliano, Ilaria; Montanari, Paola; Zaniol, Elena; Calvi, Cristina; Alliaudi, Carla; Bergallo, Massimiliano

doi:10.1159/000514384

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Before the implication of Rotavirus vaccination, Rotavirus was the leading cause of viral GE, while other enteric viruses, such as Noroviruses, Astroviruses, and Human adenoviruses, are now the most prevalent viruses causing GE ( 3 ). Besides the aforementioned enteric viruses, the list of enteric viruses is continuously growing due to the discovery of emerging viruses ( 4 , 5 ). Since still 40% of cases of GE are of unknown etiology ( 6 ), these newly discovered viruses may likely be involved in causing the GE ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Status of Bufavirus, Cosavirus, and Saffold Virus in Gastroenteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2022

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Background: Bufavirus (BuV), Human Cosavirus (HCoSV), and Saffold (SAFV) virus are three newly discovered viruses and have been suggested as possible causes of gastroenteritis (GE) in some studies. The aim of the present study was to estimate the overall prevalence of viruses and their association with GE.Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google scholar between 2007 and 2021 to find studies on the prevalence of BuV, HCoSV, and SAFV viruses.Result: Meta-analysis of the 46 included studies showed the low prevalence of BuV (1.%, 95% CI 0.6–1.5%), HCoSV (0.8%, 95% CI 0.4–1.5%), and SAFV (1.9%, 95% CI 1.1–3.1%) worldwide. Also, no significant association between these viruses and GE was observed. BuV was isolated from patients with GE in Africa, while SAFV was more common in Europe. BuV1 and BuV2 have the same prevalence between the three identified genotypes of BuV. HCoSV-C was the most prevalent genotype of HCoSV, and SAFV2 was the commonest genotype of SAFV. All of these viruses were more prevalent in children older than 5 years of age.Conclusion: This was the first meta-analysis on the prevalence and association of BuV, HCoSV, and SAFV with GE. While no significant association was found between infection with these viruses and GE, we suggest more studies, especially with case-control design and from different geographical regions in order to enhance our knowledge of these viruses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Status of Bufavirus, Cosavirus, and Saffold Virus in Gastroenteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2022

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“…46,47 Our findings showed a positivity rate of 2.1% for SalV by qPCR, a value similar to that found in other studies, such as in China 48 and Tunisia, 14 where the prevalence ranged from 0.1% to 8.8% in patients with AG. Daprà et al 49 Regarding AiV, the data are similar; other studies also identified a low percentage, remembering that this virus was first detected in Nigeria (0.97%, 1/103). 50 In Brazil, a study on the prevalence of AiV in samples from children with AG showed a positivity of 0.4% (1/250).…”

Section: Especie (%) Sorotype N Of Positive Samples (%)mentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Our findings showed a positivity rate of 2.1% for SalV by qPCR, a value similar to that found in other studies, such as in China 48 and Tunisia, 14 where the prevalence ranged from 0.1% to 8.8% in patients with AG. Daprà et al 49 observed a SalV detection rate of 0.5% in stool samples from children under 5 years of age in Italy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of picornaviruses detected in diarrheal samples from children in Belém, Brazilian Amazon (1982–2019)

Coutinho,

Cardoso,

Siqueira

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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In this investigation, fecal specimens from children with diarrhea were collected from four community studies conducted between 1982 and 2019 in Belém, Brazilian Amazon. A total of 234 samples were tested by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) to detect infections by picornaviruses of the Enterovirus (EV), Parechovirus (HPeV), Cosavirus (HCoSV), Kobuvirus (Aichivirus ‐ AiV) and Salivirus (SalV) genera. The positive samples were subjected to different amplification protocols of the VP1 region of the genome, such as nested PCR or snPCR, and were subsequently genotyped by sequencing VP1 and VP3 of the viral genome. Positivity was observed in 76.5% (179/234) of the samples tested using RT‐qPCR for at least one virus, and co‐infection was observed in 37.4% (67/179) of the cases. EV was detected in 50.8% (119/234), HPeV in 29.9% (70/234), HCoSV in 27.3% (64/234), and AiV/SalV in 2.1% (5/234) of the specimens tested by RT‐qPCR. Using nested PCR and/or snPCR techniques, the positivity rates were 94.11% (112/119) for EV, 72.85% (51/70) for HPeV, and 20.31% (13/64) for HCoSV. It was not possible to amplify the samples that were positive for AiV/SalV. Sequencing revealed 67.2% (80/119) EV, 51.4% (36/70) HPeV, and 20.31% (13/64) HCoSV. Forty‐five different types of EV were found among species A, B, and C; HCoSV identified five species, including a possible recombinant strain; all HPeV were identified as belonging to species A, in two samples a possible recombination involving three different strains was verified. This study demonstrated the high circulation and diversity of different types of picornaviruses in fecal samples, including those collected more than 30 years ago. This endorsed the evaluation of important points in the epidemiology of these viruses, such as the presence of co‐infection and the possibility of knowing more about these agents, considering that some were recently described; therefore, their detection in older samples can provide more data about their ancestry.

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“…Infectious acute gastroenteritis (AGE) represents a world public health relevant problem being an important cause of children mortality in developing countries and the main cause of pediatric morbidity worldwide. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The pathogens mainly involved in the episodes of AGE are the enteric viruses, which account for about 70% of the cases and are responsible every year for millions of children infections. 1,11 Gastroenteritis is usually characterized by mild symptomatology lasting a couple of days, with symptoms including diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten different viral agents infecting and co‐infecting children with acute gastroenteritis in Southern Italy: Role of known pathogens and emerging viruses during and after COVID‐19 pandemic

Amoroso,

Pucciarelli,

Serra

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) represents a world public health relevant problem especially in children. Enteric viruses are the pathogens mainly involved in the episodes of AGE, causing about 70.00% of the cases. Apart from well‐known rotavirus (RVA), adenovirus (AdV) and norovirus (NoV), there are various emerging viral pathogens potentially associated with AGE episodes. In this study, the presence of ten different enteric viruses was investigated in 152 fecal samples collected from children hospitalized for gastroenteritis. Real time PCR results showed that 49.3% of them were positive for viral detection with the following prevalence: norovirus GII 19.7%, AdV 15.8%, RVA 10.5%, human parechovirus (HPeV) 5.3%, enterovirus (EV) 3.3%, sapovirus (SaV) 2.6%. Salivirus (SalV), norovirus GI and astrovirus (AstV) 1.3% each, aichivirus (AiV) found in only one patient. In 38.2% of feces only one virus was detected, while co‐infections were identified in 11.8% of the cases. Among young patients, 105 were ≤5 years old and 56.0% tested positive for viral detection, while 47 were >5 years old with 40.0% of them infected. Results obtained confirm a complex plethora of viruses potentially implicated in gastroenteritis in children, with some of them previously known for other etiologies but detectable in fecal samples. Subsequent studies should investigate the role of these viruses in causing gastroenteritis and explore the possibility that other symptoms may be ascribed to multiple infections.

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Bufavirus, Cosavirus, and Salivirus in Diarrheal Italian Infants

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Global Status of Bufavirus, Cosavirus, and Saffold Virus in Gastroenteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Global Status of Bufavirus, Cosavirus, and Saffold Virus in Gastroenteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diversity of picornaviruses detected in diarrheal samples from children in Belém, Brazilian Amazon (1982–2019)

Ten different viral agents infecting and co‐infecting children with acute gastroenteritis in Southern Italy: Role of known pathogens and emerging viruses during and after COVID‐19 pandemic

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