Buffer gas optimization in CO2 laser ablation for structure control of single-wall carbon nanohorn aggregates

Yuge, Ryota; Yudasaka, Masako; Toyama, Kiyohiko; Yamaguchi, Takashi; Iijima, Sumio; Manako, T.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2011.12.043

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The carbon arc products contain a considerable proportion of initial carbon structures such as graphite discs, CNTs, fullerenes, and amorphous carbon particles, possibly because of the uncontrollable violent conditions of the growth of various carbon materials. Laser ablation is a common method for fabricating CNHs; [ 80–83 ] however, it lacks scalability and incurs high cost for the synthesis of CNCs compared with other physical‐chemical methods. Probably because of the very fast kinetics, the CNCs produced by arc discharge and laser ablation methods contain a large amount of irregular conical structures, as observed in the case of CNHs.…”

Section: Synthesis Methods and Possible Formation Mechanisms Of Conicmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis of Conical Carbon

et al. 2021

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Conical carbon, specifically multi‐walled carbon nanocones (CNCs) and single‐walled carboncones, is a new class of sp2‐hybridized carbon allotrope, in addition to fullerene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene. Characterized by a conical and delocalized aromatic configuration, the conical carbon structure is considered the intermediate structure between planar graphene and open‐cage fullerene. CNCs can be stiffer than CNTs and exhibit intriguing physical and chemical properties owing to their unique hollow conical structure, which make these materials promising for application as field emission sources and scanning probes. The research on conical carbon structures is in its nascent stage, mainly because of the limitations in the synthesis and purification of conical carbons. This review summarizes the significant progress in the synthesis of CNCs and carboncones. Particularly, the synthetic methods, which can be divided into traditional physical‐chemical synthesis methods for multi‐walled CNCs and emerging bottom‐up organic synthesis methods for single‐walled carboncones, are comprehensively discussed. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the various synthetic methods as well as the possible formation and growth mechanisms of CNCs and carboncones are discussed. Finally, some outlooks on the potential solutions to the synthesis of single‐walled carboncones with uniform apex angles are presented.

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Section: Synthesis Methods and Possible Formation Mechanisms Of Conicmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Synthesis of Conical Carbon

et al. 2021

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“…All methods are based on applying energy to disassemble and reorganize carbon structures, which are usually graphite rods [14]. The different working parameters modulated during the synthesis, such as voltage, intensity, pressure and temperature, can result in different SWCNH structures with different morphology, size or purity [17,22]. Three different type of nanoaggregates have been described in particular: dahlia-like, bud-like, and seed-like SWCNH [20].…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns as Promising Nanotube-Derived Delivery Systems to Treat Cancer

2020

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Cancer has become one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, with increasing incidence in recent years. Current pharmacological strategies are not tissue-specific therapies, which hampers their efficacy and results in toxicity in healthy organs. Carbon-based nanomaterials have emerged as promising nanoplatforms for the development of targeted delivery systems to treat diseased cells. Single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNH) are graphene-based horn-shaped nanostructure aggregates with a multitude of versatile features to be considered as suitable nanosystems for targeted drug delivery. They can be easily synthetized and functionalized to acquire the desired physicochemical characteristics, and no toxicological effects have been reported in vivo followed by their administration. This review focuses on the use of SWCNH as drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. Their main applications include their capacity to act as anticancer agents, their use as drug delivery systems for chemotherapeutics, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, gene therapy, and immunosensing. The structure, synthesis, and covalent and non-covalent functionalization of these nanoparticles is also discussed. Although SWCNH are in early preclinical research yet, these nanotube-derived nanostructures demonstrate an interesting versatility pointing them out as promising forthcoming drug delivery systems to target and treat cancer cells.

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“…Carbon nanocones [ 105 ] can form clusters termed carbon nanohorns (CNHs) [ 106 ]. Like many other CNMs, pristine nanocones unfortunately tend to aggregate in many solvents, and they do so in various morphologies termed dahlia-, bud-, or seed-like CNHs [ 107 ]. Despite this limitation, they can find promising applications in biosensing [ 108 ], medicine [ 109 ], and electrocatalysis [ 110 ], sometimes even outperforming other CNMs [ 111 ], and with relevance to clean energy [ 112 ] and carbon dioxide fixation [ 113 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) and Enzymes: From Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates and Biodegradation

et al. 2022

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Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) and enzymes differ significantly in terms of their physico-chemical properties—their handling and characterization require very different specialized skills. Therefore, their combination is not trivial. Numerous studies exist at the interface between these two components—especially in the area of sensing—but also involving biofuel cells, biocatalysis, and even biomedical applications including innovative therapeutic approaches and theranostics. Finally, enzymes that are capable of biodegrading CNMs have been identified, and they may play an important role in controlling the environmental fate of these structures after their use. CNMs’ widespread use has created more and more opportunities for their entry into the environment, and thus it becomes increasingly important to understand how to biodegrade them. In this concise review, we will cover the progress made in the last five years on this exciting topic, focusing on the applications, and concluding with future perspectives on research combining carbon nanomaterials and enzymes.

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Buffer gas optimization in CO2 laser ablation for structure control of single-wall carbon nanohorn aggregates

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

The Synthesis of Conical Carbon

The Synthesis of Conical Carbon

Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns as Promising Nanotube-Derived Delivery Systems to Treat Cancer

Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) and Enzymes: From Nanozymes to CNM-Enzyme Conjugates and Biodegradation

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