Buglossoporus pulvinus, a rare wood-inhabiting fungus on ancient oak trees in Poland: ecology, distribution and extinction risk assessment

Abstract

Buglossoporus pulvinus is widely distributed across Europe, within the range of Quercus robur. Throughout the area in which it appears, it is rare or very rare. It is listed as an endangered species in Europe and has been added to the Red Lists of fungi in a number of countries, along with awaiting inclusion in the IUCN Red List. In this study we have critically analysed the existing data about the occurrence of B. pulvinus in Poland. We have presented two new localities of the species in question in Poland, as well as new occurrences on the territory of the Białowieża National Park, the only place where this species had been previously recorded in Poland. Selected trees and logs inhabited by B. pulvinus have been characterized. We have indicated the number of observed basidiomata, their phenology, and the sizes of the largest specimens. We have identified 8 fungus species (Bisporella citrina, Daedalea quercina, Hapalopilus croceus, Hymenochaete rubiginosa, Laetiporus sulphureus, Mycena galericulata, M. inclinata, Xylobolus frustulatus) that coexist with B. pulvinus. Based on the new distribution data for B. pulvinus in Poland, according to IUCN Red List criteria this species should be classified as Endangered (EN).

Polyporenic Acids from the Mushroom Buglossoporus quercinus Possess Chemosensitizing and Efflux Pump Inhibitory Activities on Colo 320 Adenocarcinoma Cells

“…The current study represents the first chemical and pharmacological investigation of B. quercinus, a lesser-known brown-rot polypore, the single European member of the Buglossoporus genus. Comprehensive chemical analysis of the methanol extract obtained from the freeze-dried sporocarps of B. quercinus resulted in the identification of five new natural products, named polyporenic acids N-R (1-5), and seven known polyporenic acid derivatives (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The pharmacological experiments performed on resistant Colo 320 cells revealed that fungal triterpenoids 3, 5, 8, and 10-12 have the ability to inhibit the efflux pump activity of cancer cells.…”

“…Dai is known from the Tropical Botanical Garden in Hainan Province, Southern China [ 7 ]. In Europe, B. quercinus is widely distributed but considered to be a rare and threatened species associated with old oak trees [ 10 ]. The basidiomata of B. quercinus is annual, pileate, thick- and pale-flashed with a yellow-brown surface and whitish pore surface with roundish pores.…”

The Known, the Unknown, and the Expected: 130 Years of Research on Non-Lichenized Fungi and Fungus-Like Organisms in the Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland

“…Kotl. and Pouzar and Pluteus albineus Bonnard) and genera (Coprinus and Lepiota) [108][109][110][111][112], as well as in the ecological studies [40,113]. Some fragmentary data from BPF have also been reported or discussed in other papers (i.e., [114][115][116]).…”

“…Jean Keller) have also been published based on specimens gathered in BPF [127][128][129]. The papers by Holec et al [10,127,130] and Szczepkowski et al [112], devoted to the ecology of wood-inhabiting fungi (associated with fallen oak trunks), included the discussion on the threat factors to the stenobiontic fungi species. Important information about the species richness of wood-inhabiting macromycetes was also provided by Holec et al [10]: during a single field visit, they collected as many as 187 macroscopic fungi species (seven asco-and 180 basidiomycetes) on 32 logs of Quercus robur.…”