Building a risk matrix for the safety assessment of wood derived biochars

Marmiroli, Marta; Caldara, Marina; Pantalone, Serena; Malcevschi, Alessio; Maestri, Elena; Keller, Arturo A.; Marmiroli, Nelson

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156265

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Despite it being widely accepted as a value-added product of biomass waste and beneficial soil amendment [17,18], it is highly recommended that the sustainability of biochar use in agriculture be carefully assessed [19]. Several concerns were raised about biochar application, in particular to fertile high-producing soil agroecosystems with optimal pH, low salt levels, and sensitive balanced microbial or microfauna (protists and nematodes) communities [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biochar Application to Fertile Soil on Tomato Crop Production under Saline Irrigation Regime

et al. 2022

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Biochar application is a promising sustainable strategy for enhancing soil properties thus crop production. However, biochar application to soil certainly alters its biological and physical properties, and could require extra costs. Therefore, biochar suitability to agroecosystems must be proactively estimated. The advantage of biochar addition to poor fertile or weathered soils has been well studies, however, its feasibility to fertile soil under low quality (saline) irrigation water was not frequently studied. Consequently, this work investigates the hypothesis of whether the application of biochar at a rate of 4.8 tons/ha to fertile soil (Nile Valley, Giza, Egypt) would ameliorate the negative effects of saline irrigation regime (3000 ppm) on tomato crop and soil. The results of two seasons experiments showed that saline irrigation significantly reduced tomato crop yield by an average reduction ratio of 51%, and biochar addition could not compensate such reduction. Furthermore, biochar did not reduce accumulated Na+ in fruits or roots. Tomato fruits produced from biochar-added soil were lower in TSS levels (41.7% reduction ratio) yet larger in diameter by approximately 1.5-fold increase. Interestingly, biochar addition into soil greatly promotes the length of stem-borne lateral roots and elevates the expression of LeNR (encodes nitrate reductase enzyme) in leaves yet under fresh irrigation regime. For soil properties, biochar application enhanced the soil properties under either saline or fresh water irrigation conditions. Collectively, it is assumed that biochar application to fertile soil in Nile Valley of Egypt could not alleviate tomato fruits yield reduction affected by applied saline irrigation regime.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biochar Application to Fertile Soil on Tomato Crop Production under Saline Irrigation Regime

et al. 2022

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“…Biochar (BC), the by-product of the pyrolysis of organic materials (often wood) for bioenergy production, is now attracting considerable attention, from an environmental perspective, as a strategy to stabilize PTEs in soils [ 27 , 28 , 29 ], thereby enabling their remediation [ 30 ]; as a tool for filtering contaminated water and air [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]; and as a sustainable strategy for agricultural purposes [ 34 , 35 ]. Despite these diverse applications, the potential of BC for environmental biomonitoring has been surprisingly underexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is extensive research in the literature on the ability of lichens to accumulate Cd (see [20,26] for examples), but there is no information on the fate of this metal after its environmental availability has been reduced. Biochar (BC), the by-product of the pyrolysis of organic materials (often wood) for bioenergy production, is now attracting considerable attention, from an environmental perspective, as a strategy to stabilize PTEs in soils [27][28][29], thereby enabling their remediation [30]; as a tool for filtering contaminated water and air [31][32][33]; and as a sustainable strategy for agricultural purposes [34,35]. Despite these diverse applications, the potential of BC for environmental biomonitoring has been surprisingly underexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and Release of Cadmium Ions in the Lichen Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. and Wood-Derived Biochar: Implication for the Use of Biochar for Environmental Biomonitoring

Vannini,

Pagano,

Bartoli

et al. 2024

Toxics

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Biochar (BC) boasts diverse environmental applications. However, its potential for environmental biomonitoring has, surprisingly, remained largely unexplored. This study presents a preliminary analysis of BC’s potential as a biomonitor for the environmental availability of ionic Cd, utilizing the lichen Evernia prunastri L. (Ach.) as a reference organism. For this purpose, the lichen E. prunastri and two types of wood-derived biochar, biochar 1 (BC1) and biochar 2 (BC2), obtained from two anonymous producers, were investigated for their ability to accumulate, or sequester and subsequently release, Cd when exposed to Cd-depleted conditions. Samples of lichen and biochar (fractions between 2 and 4 mm) were soaked for 1 h in a solution containing deionized water (control), 10 µM, and 100 µM Cd2+ (accumulation phase). Then, 50% of the treated samples were soaked for 24 h in deionized water (depuration phase). The lichen showed a very good ability to adsorb ionic Cd, higher than the two biochar samples (more than 46.5%), and a weak ability to release the metal (ca. 6%). As compared to the lichen, BC2 showed a lower capacity for Cd accumulation (−48%) and release (ca. 3%). BC1, on the other hand, showed a slightly higher Cd accumulation capacity than BC2 (+3.6%), but a release capacity similar to that of the lichen (ca. 5%). The surface area and the cation exchange capacity of the organism and the tested materials seem to play a key role in their ability to accumulate and sequester Cd, respectively. This study suggests the potential use of BC as a (bio)monitor for the presence of PTEs in atmospheric depositions and, perhaps, water bodies.

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“…Plant‐based assays are part of these analytical batteries and are often included because of their good correlations with other plant and animal systems, including humans (Reis et al, 2017). For these reasons, the results of such batteries have been combined for the construction of risk matrices (Marmiroli et al, 2022) and environmental footprint maps (Bertanza et al, 2021; Pedrazzani et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Concrete Cast with Steel Slags Using Higher Terrestrial Plants

Alias

Piovani

Benassi

et al. 2023

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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The potential impact of concrete mixtures containing steel slag (SS) as a partial replacement of natural aggregates (NA) on the terrestrial ecosystem was assessed using a battery of plant‐based bioassays. Leaching tests were conducted on four concrete mixtures and one mixture containing only NA (reference concrete). Leachates were tested for phytotoxicity using seeds of Lepidium sativum, Cucumis sativus, and Allium cepa. Emerging seedlings of L. sativum and A. cepa were used to assess DNA damage (comet test). The genotoxicity of the leachates was also analyzed with bulbs of A. cepa using the comet and chromosome aberration tests. None of the samples caused phytotoxic effects. On the contrary, almost all the samples supported the seedlings; and two leachates, one from the SS‐containing concrete and the other from the reference concrete, promoted the growth of C. sativus and A. cepa. The DNA damage of L. sativum and A. cepa seedlings was significantly increased only by the reference concrete sample. In contrast, the DNA damage in A. cepa bulbs was significantly enhanced by the reference concrete but also by that of a concrete sample with SS. Furthermore, all leachates caused an increase in chromosomal aberrations in A. cepa bulbs. Despite some genotoxic effects of the concrete on plant cells, the partial replacement of SS does not seem to make the concrete more hazardous than the reference concrete, suggesting the potential use of SS as a reliable recycled material. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;00:1–8. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.

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Building a risk matrix for the safety assessment of wood derived biochars

Cited by 9 publications

References 99 publications

Effect of Biochar Application to Fertile Soil on Tomato Crop Production under Saline Irrigation Regime

Effect of Biochar Application to Fertile Soil on Tomato Crop Production under Saline Irrigation Regime

Accumulation and Release of Cadmium Ions in the Lichen Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. and Wood-Derived Biochar: Implication for the Use of Biochar for Environmental Biomonitoring

Evaluation of Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Concrete Cast with Steel Slags Using Higher Terrestrial Plants

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