Building capacity to address tobacco‐related disparities among American Indian and Hispanic/Latino communities: conceptual and systemic considerations

Abstract

The conceptual frameworks for capacity building presented provide insight that enhances the ability of priority populations to engage in tobacco control strategies using culturally and language appropriate interventions.

Home smoking bans and secondhand smoke exposure in Mexico and the US

“…Some attributes of the Latino culture, such as simpatia, the importance of polite personal relationships (Triandis et al, 1984), and familismo, the central role of the family and precedence of family well-being over individual preferences (Marin and Marin, 1991), could affect the enforcement of home smoking bans. Previous research has revealed reluctance among this population to ask others not to smoke (Baezconde-Garbanati et al, 2007b). On the other hand, Latinos have shown high responsiveness to cessation messages highlighting parental responsibility (BaezcondeGarbanati and Stevens, 2005).…”

“…Since its inception in 1988, this program has resulted in a shift in tobacco use and public attitudes toward tobacco and SHSE in California (Gilpin et al, 2004). Some elements of the CTCP have focused particularly on Hispanic/ Latino communities (Baezconde-Garbanati et al, 2007b).…”

Smoke-free policies and the social acceptability of smoking in Uruguay and Mexico: Findings from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project

“…Focus groups and surveys in California indicate that Latinos are reluctant to ask people not to smoke when with them, a predisposition that researchers suggest comes from Latinos ' cultural emphasis on harmonious social interactions and avoidance of disagreement, particularly in public ( Baezconde-Garbanati, Portugal, Barahona, & Carrasco, 2007 ). This cultural orientation also appears to help explain why self-reported SHS exposure at work is higher among Latinos than among other ethnic groups in California, even though Latinos have the highest prevalence of smoke-free homes ( Baezconde-Garbanati, Beebe, & Perez-Stable, 2007 ;Baezconde-Garbanati, Portugal, et al, 2007 ). Nevertheless, Latino focus group participants indicated that having clear, widely understood smoke-free policies would provide support for their requests that others not smoke, mitigating the social risk of their being viewed as lacking simpatía , as unpleasant (e.g., antipático ), or as antagonistic (e.g., agresivo ; Thrasher et al, 2008 ).…”

Working to Eliminate Cancer Health Disparities from Tobacco: A Review of the National Cancer Institute’s Community Networks Program

“…Two current examples include the Tobacco-Related Media and Messages project that includes perspectives across three CNPs 52 and the community-specific conceptual framework for building capacity for tobacco control that had case studies from two CNPs. 66 One such future topic may be on light and intermittent smoking. As demonstrated in the literature 27,42 and in national guidelines, 81 racial and ethnic minorities are disproportionately represented as light and intermittent smokers.…”

“…We also describe the leveraged partnerships, which were encouraged by the CNP model, as important sources for collaboration, shared resources, sustainability. Table 3 shows one publication 66 from two CNP (#11, 17) that developed a community-specific conceptual framework for building capacity for tobacco control with case studies of two ethnic communities. The two communities were American Indians in Oklahoma and the Hispanic/Latino Tobacco Education Partnership organizations in California.…”