“…The literature surrounding chemical communication pedagogy is diverse. However, efforts to improve written and oral communication skills have followed four general and broad approaches, which are sometimes presented in a hybrid form: (1) the incorporation of technical writing with chemical literacy, 66 − 77 in first-year courses, 39 , 66 , 67 , 78 − 83 stand-alone classes, 27 , 43 , 69 , 79 , 84 − 96 and/or discipline specific courses; 70 , 97 − 115 (2) laboratory experiments; 21 , 26 , 32 , 59 , 69 , 107 , 116 − 127 (3) critical thinking exercises; 3 , 13 , 26 , 117 , 128 − 143 and (4) research experiences. 134 , 144 − 155 Despite the community’s best efforts, a host of factors, which were identified early on, continue to present significant barriers for engaging and enhancing the communication skills of undergraduate students.…”