“…As economies become wealthier and more countries achieve middle income status, one prediction is that we may see more migration to urban areas in response to climate pressures. Increased rural to urban migration and the associated higher population density has been linked to increased risk of infectious disease spread in existing epidemiological models (Archibong and Metcalf, 2021). Other works have linked high density, mass gatherings of people for cultural events like the Islamic Hajj to meningitis epidemics outbreaks in religious centers (Archibong, Annan, and Ekhator-Mobayode, 2021).…”