Building Ultrasound Phantoms With Modified Polyvinyl Chloride

Pepley, David F.; Sonntag, Cheyenne C.; Prabhu, Rohan; Yovanoff, Mary; Han, David C.; Miller, Scarlett R.; Moore, Jason Z.

doi:10.1097/sih.0000000000000302

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An ideal simulator should represent the texture and resistance of human tissue and have a sonographic appearance similar to human tissue[ 2 , 18 , 19 ]. Researchers have been searching for materials that look similar to real human tissue, and using them to come up with simulators[ 18 - 21 ].…”

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They made a novel ultrasound simulator from a mixture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), mineral oil, diethyl hexyl adipate plasticizer softener, and chalk[ 40 ]. Pepley et al[ 19 ] made the modified PVC polymer mixture using three different concentrations for an ultrasound guided vascular access simulators[ 19 ]. They measured the axial needle force of a needle insertion into the simulators and designed a survey to compare the ultrasound images to real images[ 19 ].…”

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pepley et al[ 19 ] made the modified PVC polymer mixture using three different concentrations for an ultrasound guided vascular access simulators[ 19 ]. They measured the axial needle force of a needle insertion into the simulators and designed a survey to compare the ultrasound images to real images[ 19 ]. A total of nine simulators materials were tested including three different concentrations of modified PVC simulators, two kinds of commercial simulators, gelatine, agar, ballistics gel, and cadavers[ 19 ].…”

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They measured the axial needle force of a needle insertion into the simulators and designed a survey to compare the ultrasound images to real images[ 19 ]. A total of nine simulators materials were tested including three different concentrations of modified PVC simulators, two kinds of commercial simulators, gelatine, agar, ballistics gel, and cadavers[ 19 ]. It was found that the PVC mixture with a ratio of 11:0:1 (PVC polymer to softener to mineral oil) and ballistics gel provided the best results in terms of needle resistance most similar to cadaveric tissue[ 19 ].…”

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of nine simulators materials were tested including three different concentrations of modified PVC simulators, two kinds of commercial simulators, gelatine, agar, ballistics gel, and cadavers[ 19 ]. It was found that the PVC mixture with a ratio of 11:0:1 (PVC polymer to softener to mineral oil) and ballistics gel provided the best results in terms of needle resistance most similar to cadaveric tissue[ 19 ]. The survey results showed that a PVC mixture with a 9:1:2 ratio (PVC polymer to softener to mineral oil) was the best performing material with the most realistic image[ 19 ].…”

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of simulation model for education of point-of-care ultrasound using easy-to-make tools

Shin¹,

Ha²,

Lee³

et al. 2020

WJCC

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Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a powerful diagnostic tool and provides treatment guidelines in acute critical settings. However, the limitation of using POCUS is operator dependent. Appropriate and validated training for acquiring and using skills in practice must be conducted before using POCUS in clinical settings in order to keep patients safe. Simulation education models have been introduced as a way to solve and overcome these concerns. However, the commercial simulator with sufficiently secured fidelity is expensive and not always available. This review focused on the inexpensive and easily made simulators for education on POCUS in critical specific situations related to the airway, breathing, circulation, and disability. We introduced the simulators that used non-infectious materials, with easily transportable features, and that had a sonographic appearance reproducibility similar to human tissue. We also introduced the recipe of each simulator in two parts: Materials surrounding disease simulators (surrounding materials) and specific disease simulators themselves (target simulators). This review article covered the following: endotracheal or oesophageal intubation, lung (A-lines, B-lines, lung sliding, and pleural effusions such as hemothorax), central vein access, pericardial fluid (cardiac tamponade), the structure related to the eyes, soft tissue abscess, nerve (regional nerve block), and skull fracture simulators.

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Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulators Surrounding Target Sonographic Appearance Similamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Review of simulation model for education of point-of-care ultrasound using easy-to-make tools

Shin¹,

Ha²,

Lee³

et al. 2020

WJCC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Development of an abdominal phantom for the validation of an oligometastatic disease diagnosis workflow

et al. 2022

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Purpose The liver is a common site for metastatic disease, which is a challenging and life‐threatening condition with a grim prognosis and outcome. We propose a standardized workflow for the diagnosis of oligometastatic disease (OMD), as a gold standard workflow has not been established yet. The envisioned workflow comprises the acquisition of a multimodal image data set, novel image processing techniques, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)‐guided biopsy for subsequent molecular subtyping. By combining morphological, molecular, and functional information about the tumor, a patient‐specific treatment planning is possible. We designed and manufactured an abdominal liver phantom that we used to demonstrate multimodal image acquisition, image processing, and biopsy of the OMD diagnosis workflow. Methods The anthropomorphic abdominal phantom contains a rib cage, a portal vein, lungs, a liver with six lesions, and a hepatic vessel tree. This phantom incorporates three different lesion types with varying visibility under computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography CT (PET‐CT), which reflects clinical reality. The phantom is puncturable and the size of the corpus and the organs is comparable to those of a real human abdomen. By using several modern additive manufacturing techniques, the manufacturing process is reproducible and allows to incorporate patient‐specific anatomies. As a first step of the OMD diagnosis workflow, a preinterventional CT, MRI, and PET‐CT data set of the phantom was acquired. The image information was fused using image registration and organ information was extracted via image segmentation. A CBCT‐guided needle puncture experiment was performed, where all six liver lesions were punctured with coaxial biopsy needles. Results Qualitative observation of the image data and quantitative evaluation using contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) confirms that one lesion type is visible only in MRI and not CT. The other two lesion types are visible in CT and MRI. The CBCT‐guided needle placement was performed for all six lesions, including those visible only in MRI and not CBCT. This was possible by successfully merging multimodal preinterventional image data. Lungs, bones, and liver vessels serve as realistic inhibitions during needle path planning. Conclusions We have developed a reusable abdominal phantom that has been used to validate a standardized OMD diagnosis workflow. Utilizing the phantom, we have been able to show that a multimodal imaging pipeline is advantageous for a comprehensive detection of liver lesions. In a CBCT‐guided needle placement experiment we have punctured lesions that are invisible in CBCT using registered preinterventional MRI scans for needle path planning.

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