Built environment and social environment: associations with overweight and obesity in a sample of Brazilian adults

Velásquez-Meléndez, Gustavo; Mendes, Larissa Loures; Padez, Cristina

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00078112

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In the most similar study published to date, Miranda and colleagues examined 1785 school‐aged children and found a stronger relationship between violent crime rates and measured BMI, compared with property crime rates . However, similar studies using objective measures in adult populations have typically examined homicide rates only, resulting in null findings . Our study distinguishes between 3 types of crime (violent crime, nonviolent property crime, and homicide), revealing notable differences in their associations with obesity and elevated BP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Police‐Recorded Crime and Disparities in Obesity and Blood Pressure Status in Chicago

Tung

Wroblewski

Boyd

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine associations between several types of police‐recorded crime (violent, nonviolent, and homicide) and cardiometabolic health (obesity and elevated blood pressure [BP]), and to determine if associations were modified by age and sex.Methods and ResultsWe analyzed cross‐sectional data (N=14 799 patients) from 3 primary care clinics at an academic medical center in Chicago, IL. Patient‐level health data were obtained from the electronic health record (June 1, 2014–May 31, 2015), including body mass index and BP, and linked to the City of Chicago Police Data Portal. Geocoded crime counts were aggregated to census tract and calculated as the annual crime rate per 1000 population. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess obesity and BP status as a function of crime rate quartile, controlling for patient, clinic, and neighborhood characteristics. Median violent crime rates in each quartile ranged from 15 to 84 per 1000 population. Median age was 56 years (interquartile range, 38–72 years); 42% of patients were obese and 33% had elevated BP. Compared with patients living in the lowest quartile, patients living in the highest quartile for violent crime had 53% higher adjusted odds of obesity (95% confidence interval, 1.15–2.03) and 25% higher adjusted odds of elevated BP (95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.56). In subanalyses examining homicide, a relatively rare event, exposure was not associated with obesity and was inconsistently associated with elevated BP.ConclusionsIn a densely populated, high‐poverty region in Chicago, recurrent exposure to high rates of violent crime was consistently associated with obesity and elevated BP, but rare exposure to homicide was not.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Police‐Recorded Crime and Disparities in Obesity and Blood Pressure Status in Chicago

Tung

Wroblewski

Boyd

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…Creating initiatives to understand and mitigate obesity has been considered one of the major challenges of the 21st century and childhood obesity prevention has become a global priority (3) . Several studies have demonstrated that both dietary behaviours and the development of obesity and chronic diseases are related to a range of complex social and environmental influences that extend beyond the notion of individual choices (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11) . The food environment can refer to macro-or community-level environments, such as the type, density, location and proximity to food outlets (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of neighbourhood food availability with the consumption of processed and ultra-processed food products by children in a city of Brazil: a multilevel analysis

Leite

Cremm

Abreu

et al. 2017

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the association between neighbourhood food availability and the consumption of ready-to-consume products (RCP), either processed or ultra-processed, and unprocessed/minimally processed foods (UF-MPF) by children. Design: Cross-sectional. 24 h Dietary recalls were collected from children from January 2010 to June 2011. Neighbourhood food availability data were collected from 672 food stores located within 500 m of participants' homes, using an adapted and validated instrument. Neighbourhood-level socio-economic status (SES) was obtained by calculating the mean years of household head's education level in each census tract covered by 500 m buffers. Foods that were consumed by children and/or available in the food stores were classified based on their degree of industrial processing. Multilevel random-effect models examined the association between neighbourhood food availability and children's diets. Setting: Santos, Brazil. Subjects: Children (n 513) under 10 years old (292 aged <6 years, 221 aged ≥6 years). Results: The availability of RCP in food stores was associated with increased RCP consumption (P < 0·001) and decreased UF-MPF consumption (P < 0·001). The consumption of UF-MPF was positively associated with neighbourhood-level SES (P < 0·01), but not with the availability of UF-MPF in the neighbourhood. Conclusions: Results suggest that food policies and interventions that aim to reduce RCP consumption in Santos and similar settings should focus on reducing the availability in food stores. The results also suggest that interventions should not only increase the availability of UF-MPF in lower-SES neighbourhoods, but should strive to make UF-MPF accessible within these environments.

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“…Two Brazilian studies found an association between excess body weight and presence of parks and places for practicing sports 49,50 . However, the methodology used by these studies was different to that used by the present study and information on neighborhood characteristics was obtained from geocoded data rather than adults' perceptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional status of urban adolescents: individual, household and neighborhood factors based on data from The BH Health Study

et al. 2015

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Built environment and social environment: associations with overweight and obesity in a sample of Brazilian adults

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 32 publications

References 44 publications

Police‐Recorded Crime and Disparities in Obesity and Blood Pressure Status in Chicago

Police‐Recorded Crime and Disparities in Obesity and Blood Pressure Status in Chicago

Association of neighbourhood food availability with the consumption of processed and ultra-processed food products by children in a city of Brazil: a multilevel analysis

Nutritional status of urban adolescents: individual, household and neighborhood factors based on data from The BH Health Study

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