Built Environment Correlates of Walking

Saelens, Brian E.; Handy, Susan

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31817c67a4

Cited by 1,594 publications

(1,417 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…These findings generally align with previous studies that examined environmental correlates of walking. 29 Associations between these five attributes and recreational walking were not moderated by area-level SES, except for residential density being associated with walking specifically in low SES areas. Consistent with other reports indicating that walkability is associated with walking regardless of SES levels, 7-9 this study found that associations between specific environmental attributes and recreational walking are largely similar for low and high SES areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Do Relationships Between Environmental Attributes and Recreational Walking Vary According to Area-Level Socioeconomic Status?

et al. 2015

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Residents of areas with lower socioeconomic status (SES) are known to be less physically active during leisure time. Neighborhood walkability has been shown to be related to recreational walking equally in low and high SES areas. This crosssectional study tested whether associations of specific environmental attributes, measured objectively and subjectively, with walking for recreation were moderated by area-level SES. The data of the North West Adelaide Health Study collected in 2007 (n=1500, mean age 57) were used. Self-reported walking frequency was the outcome of the study. Environmental exposure measures included objectively measured walkability components (residential density, intersection density, land use mix, and net retail area ratio) and perceived attributes (access to destinations, neighborhood esthetics, walking infrastructure, traffic/barriers, and crime safety). Participants' suburbs were categorized into low and high SES areas using an indicator of socioeconomic disadvantage. Low SES areas had lower scores in residential density, neighborhood esthetics, walking infrastructure, traffic/barriers, and crime safety. Recreational walking was associated with residential density, access to destinations, esthetics, traffic/barriers, and crime safety. Effect modification was observed for two attributes (out of nine): residential density was associated with walking only in low SES areas, while walking infrastructure was associated with walking only in high SES areas. The associations of neighborhood environmental attributes with recreational walking were largely consistent across SES groups. However, low SES areas were disadvantaged in most perceived environmental attributes related to recreational walking. Improving such attributes in low SES neighborhoods may help close socioeconomic disparities in leisure time physical activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Do Relationships Between Environmental Attributes and Recreational Walking Vary According to Area-Level Socioeconomic Status?

et al. 2015

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“…diversity of destinations, access to shops, access to public transport) (10)(11)(12)20) , accessibility of destinations (e.g. pedestrian infrastructure) (10,12,20) , aspects pertaining to personal safety (e.g. presence of people and safety from crime) (20)(21)(22) and availability of places for sitting (22)(23)(24) would be positively related to walking for transportation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pedestrian infrastructure) (10,12,20) , aspects pertaining to personal safety (e.g. presence of people and safety from crime) (20)(21)(22) and availability of places for sitting (22)(23)(24) would be positively related to walking for transportation. Perceived residential density, crowdedness and traffic load were expected to show a curvilinear, inverted-J relationship with walking for transport.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ageing in an ultra-dense metropolis: perceived neighbourhood characteristics and utilitarian walking in Hong Kong elders

Cerin

Sit

Barnett

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The neighbourhood built environment may affect walking behaviour of elders. However, such effects remain underexplored, especially in an Asian context. We examined associations of perceived environmental attributes with overall and neighbourhood-specific walking for transport in a sample of Chinese elders residing in Hong Kong, an ultra-dense Chinese metropolis. Design: Cross-sectional observational study using a two-stage stratified sampling strategy. Setting: Hong Kong, China. Subjects: Chinese-speaking elders (n 484), with no cognitive impairment and able to walk without assistance, residing in thirty-two selected communities stratified by socio-economic status and walkability, were interviewer-administered validated measures of perceived neighbourhood environment and walking for transport. Results: Much higher levels of transport-related walking (mean 569 (SD 452) min/ week) than found in Western samples were reported. The degree of perceived access to shops, crowdedness, presence of sitting facilities and easy access of residential entrance were independently positively related to both frequency of overall and within-neighbourhood walking for transportation. Infrastructure for walking and access to public transport were predictive of higher frequency of transport-related walking irrespective of location, while the perceived degree of land-use mix was predictive of higher levels of within-neighbourhood walking.

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“…Research in non-diseased populations has shown that increased MVPA was significantly associated with having more pieces of home physical activity (PA) equipment 10,11 and various community characteristics such as reduced crime and access to walking paths. 12,13 Whether similar findings would emerge in a home-based CR population and whether the various perceived environment/MVPA relationships are similar for urban and rural patients remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Community SES, Perceived Environment, and Physical Activity During Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation: Is There a Need to Consider the Urban vs. Rural Distinction?

et al. 2012

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Physical activity (MVPA) levels during home-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remain problematic. Consequently, the present study examined the association between MVPA and urban vs. rural residential status and the perceived environment in patients attending home-based CR. A total of 280 patients completed a questionnaire assessing demographic, clinical, MVPA, and perceived environmental variables measured at baseline and 3 months later. Patient addresses were geocoded and linked to the 2006 Canadian census to establish the urban/rural distinction. Results showed that urban and rural patients had similar baseline MVPA and improvements in MVPA by 3 months. Several perceived environmental variables were significantly related to MVPA throughout home-based CR that were common and urban/rural-specific. Therefore, although there does not appear to be an urban vs. rural advantage in MVPA levels during home-based CR, there does appear to be environmental/MVPA-specific relationships specific to urban and rural patients that may warrant attention.

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Built Environment Correlates of Walking

Cited by 1,594 publications

References 57 publications

Do Relationships Between Environmental Attributes and Recreational Walking Vary According to Area-Level Socioeconomic Status?

Do Relationships Between Environmental Attributes and Recreational Walking Vary According to Area-Level Socioeconomic Status?

Ageing in an ultra-dense metropolis: perceived neighbourhood characteristics and utilitarian walking in Hong Kong elders

Community SES, Perceived Environment, and Physical Activity During Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation: Is There a Need to Consider the Urban vs. Rural Distinction?

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