Bulk compression characteristics of straw and hay

Nona, Kenny; Lenaerts, Bart; Kayacan, Erdal; Saeys, Wouter

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2013.12.005

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The particles retain their properties and elastic deformation mainly occurs during this phase (Cooper & Eaton, 1962). In the next stage, with increasing applied pressure, most of the air is removed from the particulate mass and elasticeplastic deformation of particles occurs (Cooper & Eaton, 1962;Faborode & O'Callaghan, 1989, 1987Kaliyan & Morey, 2009;Mani et al, 2002;Nona, Lenaerts, Kayacan, & Saeys, 2014). Previous research has developed pressure-density equations to describe the compression characteristics of some metal or non-metallic powders (Cooper & Eaton, 1962;Heckel, 1961;Jones, 1960;Panelli & Filho, 2001;Walker, 1923).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Compression and relaxation properties of selected biomass for briquetting

Guo

Wang

Tabil

et al. 2016

Biosystems Engineering

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Compression and relaxation properties of selected biomass for briquetting

Guo

Wang

Tabil

et al. 2016

Biosystems Engineering

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“…A three-phase viscoelastic process has been suggested for bale flakes undergoing compression: void reduction, followed by elastic and plastic deformation, and then stress relaxation (Nona et al, 2014). Increasing bale density is achieved by more resistance to flow through the bale chamber, resulting in greater plunger load and bale face pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twine Tension in High-Density Large Square Bales

McAfee¹,

Shinners²,

Friede³

2018

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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Abstract.When greater density bales are made, baler manufacturers recommend using twine with greater knot strength. When twine fails, bale integrity is lost, harvesting costs increase, and productivity suffers. Twine failure typically occurs in the knot on the top strand of the twine. A better understanding of twine tension in the top strands could help reduce failures, allow for improved knot strength recommendations, and ultimately lower baling costs. A system was developed to measure the tension of the top strands while baling a variety of crops with a high-density large square baler. Depending on the bale chute design, twine tension was greatest as the bale cantilevered from the chamber but had not yet touched the chute or just as the bale fully exited the bale chamber. In either case, the absolute maximum recorded tensions were typically less than 60% of the twine specified knot strength. Pulses in synchronization with the plunger frequency were superimposed on the nominal twine tension. Tension was usually greatest in the outer left twine and the other right twine because for each, there was only one neighboring twine to share the load. Average twine tension over the first 60 s after the bale rested on the ground was linearly related to bale density. Crop stress relaxation reduced tension up to 20% within 20 min after the bale was placed on the ground. Top strand tension approached 60% of knot strength for only a short duration as the bale exited the chamber and after that, the tension was much less than the specified knot strength. Therefore, design changes or strategies that reduce tension during the critical period when the bale exits the chamber could reduce maximum knot strength requirements and lead to lower baling costs. Keywords: Bales, Density, Tension, Twine.

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“…Since there are several influence factors, thus the control variable method is adopted. And the mainly factors we control are: moisture content [3], compression speed, particle size and residence time [4].…”

Section: Methods and Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiment study on cold compression of biomass materials

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Li³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the First International Conference on Information Sciences, Machinery, Materials and Energy

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Solar, hydroelectric, wind, biomass are all renewable sources of energy. And biomass energy market has a tremendous development potential. In this paper, some experiments were made by using WDW-100 microcomputer controlled electronic universal testing machine to find a better way to realize cold compression of biomass material. The experimental results show that moisture content, compression speed, particle size and residence time have obvious effect on the molding blocks. Considering all the factors, a better molding block would get with a compression speed of 40mm/min, 16% moisture content and a small particle size.

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Bulk compression characteristics of straw and hay

Cited by 42 publications

References 14 publications

Compression and relaxation properties of selected biomass for briquetting

Compression and relaxation properties of selected biomass for briquetting

Twine Tension in High-Density Large Square Bales

Experiment study on cold compression of biomass materials

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