Bulk Photodriven CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion through TiO<sub>2</sub>@Si(HIPE) Monolithic Macrocellular Foams

Bernadet, Sophie; Tavernier, Eugénie; Ta, Duc-Minh; Vallée, Renaud A. L.; Ravaine, Serge; Fécant, Antoine; Backov, Rénal

doi:10.1002/adfm.201807767

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Solar-light-driven CO 2 reduction into the chemical fuels is considered as a potentially desirable strategy for alleviating the ever-growing energy crisis and environmental problems. − However, the CO 2 molecules possess high stability due to the excessive CO bond dissociative energy of ∼750 kJ mol –1 . − The multiple electron transfer processes in the CO 2 reduction pathways result in various products, in which the major gas products in the most recently reported literature are CO and CH 4 . Although it is thermodynamically more favorable, the photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to CH 4 is kinetically more difficult than that of CO 2 to CO. ,, Therefore, developing an efficient and kinetically feasible photocatalyst for accelerating the 8-electron photoreduction of CO 2 to CH 4 is highly desired.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-Free 2D/2D Black Phosphorus and Covalent Triazine Framework Heterostructure for CO₂ Photoreduction

Liu

Huang

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Photoreduction of CO 2 to CH 4 , which is an 8-electron photoelectrochemical process, represents one of the most appealing approaches that tackles the global warming challenge and fuel crisis. To achieve this, highly efficient and selective catalysts are desired. In this work, we successfully developed a metal-free 2D/2D heterostructured catalyst for photoreduction of CO 2 to CH 4 with black phosphorus (BP) and covalent triazine framework (CTF). The synthesized CTF-BP heterostructure catalyst was well characterized using the high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), AFM, XPS and Raman. Compared with the pristine BP or CTF, the photoreduction of CO 2 to CO rate over the CTF-BP catalyst (4.60 μmol g −1 h −1 ) is 3 and 2 times higher than those over BP and CTF catalysts, respectively. The photoreduction of CO 2 to CH 4 rate over the CTF-BP catalyst (7.81 μmol g −1 h −1 ) is 23 times and 16 times higher than those over BP and CTF catalysts, respectively. This indicates that the CTF-BP heterostructure dramatically enhances the photocatalytic selectivity for CO 2 to CH 4 over CO. The present work not only develops a metal-free highly efficient and selective catalyst for photoreduction of CO 2 but also provides a new heterostructure engineering route for designing and synthesizing highly active and metal-free catalysts applied in sustainable solar-to-chemical energy conversion and environmental remediation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-Free 2D/2D Black Phosphorus and Covalent Triazine Framework Heterostructure for CO₂ Photoreduction

Liu

Huang

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Foam‐like g‐C 3 N 4 photocatalysts with 3D hierarchical structure have received limited attention compared with 1D nanotubes and 2D nanosheets, especially in the application of CO 2 RR, although 3D hierarchical structures of other materials demonstrate superior mass transferability and unique optical performance. [ 51–53 ] Combining gel injection molding with foam template, Sun et al successfully prepared a porous 3D g‐C 3 N 4 foam with high mechanical strength. [ 54 ] The photocatalytic CO 2 RR efficiency of 3D g‐C 3 N 4 foam is 2.5‐folds over that of bulk g‐C 3 N 4 .…”

Section: Pristine G‐c3n4 For Photocatalytic Co2rrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Carbon Nitride and Its Hybrid Photocatalysts for CO₂ Reduction

et al. 2020

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Graphitic carbon nitride as a novel photocatalyst for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has attracted many recent efforts on the synthesis and modification for improving efficiency and selectivity. Herein, an overview of fundamental factors and the latest research progress of g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts for CO2RR is provided. The main strategies of fabrication and modification to obtain g‐C3N4 and g‐C3N4‐based composites with high CO2RR efficiency are summarized. Working mechanisms of each enhancement approach in terms of their effects on electronic band structures, light‐harvesting capability, CO2 adsorption capacity, separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs etc. are explained and discussed. Finally, a brief overview on the challenges and new directions in this field is proposed.

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“…The “High Internal Phase Emulsion” (HIPE) method (Figure ) has been described in the literature for the preparation of monolithic foams of silica ‘Si(HIPE)’, and more recently acidic aluminosilicates ‘SiAl(HIPE)’ . Mixed oxides silica/titania ‘SiO 2 /TiO 2 (HIPE)’ monoliths – with TiO 2 domains grown in the silica framework – were also developed for optical application ,. The shape and the high void fraction of these macrocellular foams make them particularly suitable to be used in continuous flow reactors .…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Macrocellular Titanosilicate Monoliths as Highly Efficient Structured Olefin Epoxidation Catalysts

et al. 2019

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Self-standing macrocellular titanosilicate monolith foams are obtained using a one-pot sol-gel route and show excellent performance in the epoxidation of cyclohexene. Thanks to the High Internal Phase Emulsion (HIPE) templating method, the materials feature a high void fraction, a hierarchically porous texture and good mechanical strength. Highly dispersed Ti species can be incorporated in tetrahedral coordination in the silica matrix. These characteristics allow the obtained 'SiTi(HIPE)' materials to reach high catalytic turnover in the epoxidation of cyclohexene. The monoliths can advantageously be used to run the reaction in continuous flow mode.Titanosilicates are an important class of materials that catalyze selective oxidation reactions. [1] For example, the combination of TS-1 zeolite -in which Ti atoms substitute Si atoms in the crystalline framework -with H 2 O 2 is omnipresent in industrial applications, notably for hydroxylation and epoxidation reactions. [2,3] The crystallinity and the intrinsic hydrophobicity of TS-1 make this material particularly efficient to catalyze the oxidation of small substrates with high selectivities. [4] However, the microporosity of TS-1 makes it less efficient for the conversion of bulky olefins, as the restricted diffusion of the reactants and products in and out the porosity can severely lower the catalytic activity which is consequently mainly restrained to the external surface. [5,6] An additional limitation is linked to the fact that the Ti loading incorporated into the zeolitic framework can hardly be tuned -with a typical maximal Ti loading of 2.5 % (here and after the loading is expressed as mol Ti/(mol Ti + mol Si) × 100 %). [7] These issues triggered intensive research on the incorporation of titanium in silicabased materials with larger pores in order to broaden the range of applications for titanosilicates. [8][9][10] New strategies in this field are flourishing, taking benefits of bottom-up sol-gel routes [11] involving templating methods -possibly combined to supercritical [12,13] or aerosol [14,15] drying strategies -or realized under non-aqueous conditions. [16][17][18] Despite those successes, the resulting materials are often obtained in the form of fine powders which require further steps to shape the catalysts as extrudates, pellets or monoliths, before they could be used in industrial flow processes. [19] This shaping step represents an additional challenge as it necessitates a fine control of the mechanical properties and the diffusion regimes without sacrificing the intrinsic performance of the catalyst. Alternatively, the catalyst can be dispersed onto a pre-shaped solid support [20][21][22] that should meet several specifications (texture, surface composition, mechanical stability, etc.). With such strategy, a challenge is to maximize the loading and the dispersion of the catalyst while avoiding leaching and/or deactivation. [23] Thus, the one-step preparation of Ti-containing materials that do not require further shaping steps is highly sought f...

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Bulk Photodriven CO₂ Conversion through TiO₂@Si(HIPE) Monolithic Macrocellular Foams

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Metal-Free 2D/2D Black Phosphorus and Covalent Triazine Framework Heterostructure for CO₂ Photoreduction

Metal-Free 2D/2D Black Phosphorus and Covalent Triazine Framework Heterostructure for CO₂ Photoreduction

Recent Progress on Carbon Nitride and Its Hybrid Photocatalysts for CO₂ Reduction

Macrocellular Titanosilicate Monoliths as Highly Efficient Structured Olefin Epoxidation Catalysts

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Bulk Photodriven CO2 Conversion through TiO2@Si(HIPE) Monolithic Macrocellular Foams

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Metal-Free 2D/2D Black Phosphorus and Covalent Triazine Framework Heterostructure for CO2 Photoreduction

Metal-Free 2D/2D Black Phosphorus and Covalent Triazine Framework Heterostructure for CO2 Photoreduction

Recent Progress on Carbon Nitride and Its Hybrid Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction

Macrocellular Titanosilicate Monoliths as Highly Efficient Structured Olefin Epoxidation Catalysts

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Bulk Photodriven CO₂ Conversion through TiO₂@Si(HIPE) Monolithic Macrocellular Foams

Metal-Free 2D/2D Black Phosphorus and Covalent Triazine Framework Heterostructure for CO₂ Photoreduction

Metal-Free 2D/2D Black Phosphorus and Covalent Triazine Framework Heterostructure for CO₂ Photoreduction

Recent Progress on Carbon Nitride and Its Hybrid Photocatalysts for CO₂ Reduction