Bullshit Ability as an Honest Signal of Intelligence

Abstract

The ability to navigate social systems efficiently is critical to our species. Humans appear endowed with a cognitive system that has at least partially formed to best meet the unique cognitive challenges that emerge in a highly social species. Bullshitting, a style of communication characterised by an intent to be convincing or impressive without concern for the truth, is ubiquitous within human societies. Across two studies (N = 1,017), we assess whether participants’ ability to produce satisfying and seemingly accurate bullshit (i.e., explanations of fake concepts) acts as an honest signal of their intelligence. Consistent with our hypotheses, we find that bullshit ability is predictive of participants’ intelligence and individuals capable of producing more satisfying bullshit are judged by second-hand observers to be higher in intelligence. We interpret these results as adding further evidence for human intelligence being naturally geared towards the efficient navigation of social systems. The ability to produce satisfying bullshit may serve to assist individuals in negotiating their social world, both as an energetically efficient strategy for impressing others and as an honest signal of one’s intelligence.

‘You can’t bullshit a bullshitter’ (or can you?): Bullshitting frequency predicts receptivity to various types of misleading information

“…For instance, Bird (2012, 2013) found that people who were able to produce more convincing lies (i.e., better liars) were also better able to detect lies from others but that this ability was not significantly related to intelligence. Conversely, preliminary work investigating the relation between bullshit production and intelligence suggests that people who are more intelligent are able to produce more convincing bullshit compared to people of lower intelligence and that this "bullshit production ability" may be unrelated to bullshit receptivity (Turpin et al, 2020).…”

'You can’t bullshit a bullshitter' (or can you?): Bullshitting frequency predicts receptivity to various types of misleading information

“…Conversely, preliminary work investigating the relation between bullshit production and intelligence suggests that people who are more intelligent are able to produce more convincing bullshit compared to people of lower intelligence and that this "bullshit production ability" may be unrelated to bullshit receptivity (Turpin et al, 2020).…”