Bullying Among Youth from Eight African Countries and Associations with Adverse Health Behaviors

Brown, David W.; Riley, Leanne; Butchart, Alexander; Kann, Laura

doi:10.2217/17455111.2.3.289

Cited by 64 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Data from Kenya, Namibia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zimbabwe and five other African countries [54] have shown that among youth, the risk of bullying increased if they indulged in health compromising behaviors. Similarly, Fleming and Jacobsen [33] found that tobacco use, alcohol use, drug use and engaging in sexual intercourse were associated with the probability of being bullied among adolescents in several LMICs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns and Correlates for Bullying among Young Adolescents in Ghana

2014

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Bullying is relatively common and is considered to be a public health problem among adolescents worldwide. The present study examined the risk factors associated with bullying behavior among adolescents in a lower-middle-income country setting. Data on 6235 adolescents aged 11-16 years, derived from the Republic of Ghana's contribution to the Global School-based Health Survey, were analyzed using bivariate and multinomial logistic regression analysis. A high prevalence of bullying was found among Ghanaian adolescents. Alcohol-related health compromising behaviors (alcohol use, alcohol misuse and getting into trouble as a result of alcohol) increased the risk of being bullied. In addition, substance use, being physically attacked, being seriously injured, hunger and truancy were also found to increase the risk of being bullied. However, having understanding parents and having classmates who were kind and helpful reduced the likelihood of being bullied. These findings suggest that school-based intervention programs aimed at reducing rates of peer victimization should simultaneously target multiple risk behaviors. Teachers can also reduce OPEN ACCESSSoc. Sci. 2014, 3 828 peer victimization by introducing programs that enhance adolescents' acceptance of each other in the classroom.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns and Correlates for Bullying among Young Adolescents in Ghana

2014

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“…Of the few African countries that have school-based data on bullying [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], some context specific phenomena have emerged that have not been observed or widely studied elsewhere: HIV-status related bullying and an inverse relationship with having siblings [23]. These preliminary findings unique to African countries highlight the need for continued research on bullying patterns across the continent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Patterns, Characteristics, and Correlates of Adolescent Bully-Victims in Urban Tanzania

Wilson

Celedonia²,

Kamala³

2013

Social Sciences

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Abstract:Bullying is an understudied issue of public health importance in low-income countries. In the present study, we aimed to explore social and demographic factors associated with bullying among adolescents in a low-income country urban setting. We divided a sample of 2,154 school-attending adolescents into two groups, those who had been bullied during a 30-day period and those who were not. We considered age, sex, mental health, parent-relationship, hunger and social deprivation and truancy in our comparison of these two groups using logistic regression. Multinomial regression was also used to determine if there was a dose response relationship between bullying frequency and the aforementioned selected variables. We found that bullied school-attending adolescents in Dar es Salaam were more likely to be truant, suffer from mental health problems and have experienced hunger. Adolescents who had parents which were more aware of their free time activities, were less likely to report being bullied. There were also significant differences in bullying frequency and certain variables, most notably with truancy, economic and social deprivation, and signs of depression. School settings in Dar es Salaam offer a potential for intervening in what are potentially harmful effects of bullying behavior among bully victims. OPEN ACCESSSoc. Sci. 2013, 2 235

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“…Despite a growing body of cross-sectional research on the link between drug use and bullying behaviour during school years (Brown, Riley, Butchart, & Kann, 2008;Moon & Alarid, 2014;Niemelä et al, 2011), no previous meta-analysis has been conducted to systematically synthesize relevant evidence and to identify the magnitude and the direction of this association. The current paper addresses this gap by meta-analysing results from existing published and unpublished studies following a comprehensive systematic review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence rates of drug use among school bullies and victims: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies

Valdebenito

Ttofi

Eisner

2015

Aggression and Violent Behavior

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a b s t r a c tBullying is a common aggressive behaviour in school, with a number of cross-sectional studies showing that it exhibits a high comorbidity with other problem behaviours. The present study aims to estimate the comorbidity of school bullying (perpetration and victimisation) with drug use by incorporating and meta-analysing all available evidence on the cross-sectional association between the two variables. Meta-analytic results are based on a comprehensive systematic review across 20 databases and 46 journals. A total of 61 relevant manuscripts were included in the systematic review. Following explicit methodological criteria for the inclusion/exclusion of reports, 13 of them were eligible for the meta-analysis. The association of school bullying perpetration with drug use (adjusted odds ratio OR = 2.82; 95% CI 1.97-4.02; z = 5.71; p b .001) suggests a very strong relationship. For example, if a quarter of children were bullies and a quarter were drug users, this value of the OR would correspond to 40.88% of bullies being also drug users, compared with 19.71% of non-bullies. The association of school bullying victimisation with drug use (adjusted odds ratio OR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.38-2.32; z = 4.41; p b .001) suggests a moderate relationship. For example, if a quarter of children were victims and a quarter were drug users, this value of the OR would correspond to 33.69% of bullied youth also being drug users, compared with 22.1% of non-bullied youth. Adjusted effect sizes are based on study findings that used statistical controls for confounding variables, thus providing the unique association of school bullying with drug use over and above other important risk factors that may explain this association. Implications for policy and intervention research arising from this review are highlighted.

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Bullying Among Youth from Eight African Countries and Associations with Adverse Health Behaviors

Cited by 64 publications

References 12 publications

Patterns and Correlates for Bullying among Young Adolescents in Ghana

Patterns and Correlates for Bullying among Young Adolescents in Ghana

Patterns, Characteristics, and Correlates of Adolescent Bully-Victims in Urban Tanzania

Prevalence rates of drug use among school bullies and victims: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies

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