Bullying Victimization and Use of Substances in High School: Does Religiosity Moderate the Association?

Afifi, Rima; Asmar, Khalil El; Bteddini, Dima; Assi, Moubadda; Yassin, Nasser; Bitar, Sara; Ghandour, Lilian

doi:10.1007/s10943-019-00789-8

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Consistent with much previous research in Lebanon (Afifi et al, 2020;Moussa & Bates, 2011), our findings suggested that religiosity was protective against psychological distress, that is, the more religious one is (in terms of both spirituality and religious participation), the less likely one is to experience psychological distress. Indeed, the spirituality component of religiosity can provide meaning, hope and optimism (Meanley, Pingel & Bauermeister, 2016), while religious participation and identification with other members of one's religious group provide a structured social identity, social support and motivation (Greenfield & Marks, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Psychological distress and self-harm in a religiously diverse sample of Lebanese students

Assi

Maatouk

Jaspal

2020

Mental Health, Religion & Culture

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Drawing on identity process theory from social psychology, this study explores the protective and risk factors of psychological distress and self-harm in a religiously diverse sample of heterosexual and non-heterosexual students at an English-speaking university in Lebanon. A convenience sample of 209 undergraduate students participated in a cross-sectional survey and completed measures of religiosity, identity threat, psychological distress and self-harm. Results indicated that non-heterosexual participants exhibited higher levels of psychological distress, were more likely to report self-harm, and reported lower levels of religiosity than their heterosexual counterparts. The multiple regression analyses showed that religiosity is protective against psychological distress, and that sexual orientation distress predicts selfharm. In order to reduce the risk of psychological distress and self-harm, it will be necessary to challenge stigma towards sexual minorities, to promote engagement with a broader range of social identity categories (other than just religion), and to ensure that individuals of all faiths and sexualities in Lebanon are able to access counselling support if they require it.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…bullying) and poor mental health outcomes (e.g. substance misuse) in Lebanese young people, with those who are more religious being less likely to engage in substance misuse (Afifi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Religious Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distress and self-harm in a religiously diverse sample of Lebanese students

Assi

Maatouk

Jaspal

2020

Mental Health, Religion & Culture

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“…In Lebanon, bullying victimization had a significant relationship with anxiety disorders [50]. According to previous studies conducted on Lebanese school aged children, bullying is associated with and socioeconomic and social factors as young age, low family income, low parental education, private tutoring, higher alcohol consumption and smoking [50,51]. The prevalence of bullying in Lebanon is alarming, with 50% of school-aged children and adolescents reporting being bullied at some point [52].…”

Section: Purpose Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bullying victimization among Lebanese adolescents: The role of child abuse, Internet addiction, social phobia and depression and validation of the Illinois Bully Scale

et al. 2020

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Background Both bullying victimization and perpetration were associated with depression, social phobia, physical and psychological child abuse and Internet addiction in Lebanon. The prevalence of bullying in Lebanon is alarming, with 50% of school-aged children and adolescents reporting being bullied at some point. The high rate of both bullying victimization can be reflective of the inefficacy of current prevention and intervention policies in targeting associated problematic individual and contextual factors. The objective of the present study was to analyze factors associated with bullying victimization and validate the Illinois Bully Scale among Lebanese adolescents. Methods This is cross-sectional study that took place between January and May 2019. We enrolled 1810 adolescents between 14 and 17 years of age. The Illinois Bully scale was used to measure bullying victimization. In order to ensure the adequacy of the sample with values greater than 0.8 - an indicator that component or factor analysis was useful for these variables - we used Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measurement. Statistical significance considered if the p-value < 0.05. Results The results showed that 841 (46.5%, CI: 44.1% – 48.7%) participants were classified as having been previously bullied. None of the bullying scale items was removed. Items on the bullying scale converged on a two-factor solution with Eigenvalues greater than 1, accounting for a total of 73.63% of the variance (Factor 1: bullying victimization; Factor 2: bullying perpetration; KMO = 0.899, Bartlett’s sphericity test p < 0.001; αCronbach = 0.955). Having a separate parents (ORa = 3.08), Mild (ORa-4.71) to moderate (ORa = 3.84) internet addiction test, higher social fear (ORa = 1.50), higher psychological abuse (ORa = 3.59), higher child neglect (ORa = 2.21) and physical (ORa = 4.55) abuse were significantly associated with higher odds of being bullied. However, higher social avoidance (ORa = 0.49), poor (ORa = 0.20), fair (ORa = 0.94) and very good (ORa = 0.04) physical activity as compared to sedentary were significantly associated with lower odds of being bullied. Conclusions Our findings attest that bullying victimization is likely to be associated with certain factors such as child abuse of all forms, Internet addiction, social fear and avoidance. In addition, the Illinois Bully Scale was validated in Lebanon. More attention should be paid to students vulnerable to bullying victimization, such as those with environmental or domestic problems, and adolescents with psychological disorders such as behavioral addictions.

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“…The analyses presented here showed that adolescents that engage in active bullying did so independently of their religiosity, i.e., they could not activate the aggression-regulative potential of religiosity, which is usually found in Muslim-majority countries [ 60 , 61 ]. Secondly, high religiosity was accompanied by a lower level of victimization and bullying–victimization [ 64 ], even taking into account several other factors, which seems to indicate that religiosity has a salutogenic effect [ 54 , 55 , 56 ] and acts as a buffer against highly negative experiences [ 58 , 59 ]. Thirdly, religiosity did not play any role in the bullying–depressiveness relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using religiosity as an outcome variable, [63] found a link between retrospectively reported childhood bullying experience and adult religious/spiritual well-being in a cross-sectional study performed among a sample of hospitalized adults in the USA. By emphasizing the missing link between religiosity and bullying experience, [64] found support for a moderating effect of religiosity on the relationship between substance use and different forms of victimization among a sample of Lebanese adolescents in their very recent study. Additionally, there are two studies that analyzed variables related to religiosity as predictors of bullying.…”

Section: Depressive Symptoms Bullying and The Role Of Religiositymentioning

confidence: 93%

Bullying Experience among Adolescents with a Turkish Migration Background in Germany: Ethnic Class Composition, Integration, and Religiosity as Protective Factors?

Demmrich

Akgül

2020

IJERPH

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Bullying is a worldwide problem that has serious effects on the mental health of both victims and perpetrators. Although bullying seems related to increasing globalization and migration, it has seldom been researched in this context. This exploratory study examined bullying experiences and related depressive symptoms among a sample of adolescents with a Turkish migration background in a German school context (N = 103, 56.7% female, MAge = 16.17, SDAge = 1.36). The study focuses on three migration-related variables as potentially salutogenic factors: Ethnic class composition, acculturation, and religiosity. While the ethnic class composition did not show any effect, an integration acculturation strategy and religiosity proved to be protective factors against bullying experience. The negative prediction of integration on depressive symptoms was not consistent throughout the multivariate analyses. The results are discussed against the background of new impulses for bullying intervention programs for this vulnerable group of adolescents from a Turkish migration background.

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Bullying Victimization and Use of Substances in High School: Does Religiosity Moderate the Association?

Cited by 24 publications

References 50 publications

Psychological distress and self-harm in a religiously diverse sample of Lebanese students

Psychological distress and self-harm in a religiously diverse sample of Lebanese students

Bullying victimization among Lebanese adolescents: The role of child abuse, Internet addiction, social phobia and depression and validation of the Illinois Bully Scale

Bullying Experience among Adolescents with a Turkish Migration Background in Germany: Ethnic Class Composition, Integration, and Religiosity as Protective Factors?

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