Buprenorphine treatment of opium-dependent outpatients seeking treatment in Iran

Ahmadi, Jamshid; Bahrami, Nasrin

doi:10.1016/s0740-5472(02)00272-6

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In a governmental MMT clinic in Iran, the retention rates at 6 months and 12 months were 66% and 45%, respectively (3). This figure was among 59.5% of buprenorphine patients at six months in Iran (4). The above-mentioned rates vary slightly and are less in long-term surveys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Role of Motivation for Behavior Change in Treatment Retention Amongst a Group of Illicit Drug Users: A Study From Iran

Oji¹,

Sohrābi²,

Jomehri³

et al. 2016

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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Background: A change in behavior is one of the most important components of readiness for drug use treatment in Iran. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine ones willingness to change and continue treatment amongst patients receiving opium tincture (OT) maintenance treatment in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted in 2014. Overall, 140 participants were selected from clients who were referred by a non-governmental organization providing OT, Congress 60, to four drug use treatment centers. At the start of the study, the questionnaire; stages of change readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale were completed. After three months, participants were divided into two groups of retention and relapse. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21 and by performing an independent t-test. Results: There was no significant difference between the retention group and relapse group regarding demographic characteristics (P > 0.05). Motivation for change was higher in the retention group compared to the relapse group and their differences were significant (P < 0.001). Group differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001) in rates of recognition, ambivalence and taking steps. Conclusions: In drug-dependent clients, motivation for behavior change is one of the most effective factors for treatment retention. Motivation for behavior change is composed of better recognition of the problem, higher rates of taking steps and less ambivalence in decision making. Further studies are suggested.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Role of Motivation for Behavior Change in Treatment Retention Amongst a Group of Illicit Drug Users: A Study From Iran

Oji¹,

Sohrābi²,

Jomehri³

et al. 2016

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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“…There were eight MAT program studies that did not recruit or include a systematic sampling of participants from their MAT programs or did not include 100% of the MAT participants who visited the MAT program . Thirty‐one MAT program studies did not adequately compare demographics of follow‐up participants to those who did not remain in the MAT programs . Nineteen MAT program studies did not control adequately for confounders that could affect the retention levels seen in the individual MAT programs .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retention of participants in medication‐assisted programs in low‐ and middle‐income countries: an international systematic review

et al. 2013

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Background and aims Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is a key component in overdose prevention, reducing illicit opiate use and risk of blood-borne virus infection. By retaining participants in MAT programs for longer periods of time, more noticeable and permanent changes in drug use, risk behavior and quality of life can be achieved. Many studies have documented retention in MAT programs in high-income countries, using a 50% average 12-month follow-up retention rate as a marker for a successful MAT program. This study contributes to a systematic understanding of how successful programs have been in retaining participants in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) over time. Methods Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature search to identify MAT program studies that documented changes in retention over time for participants in buprenorphine and methadone programs in LMIC. Retention was measured for participants by length of follow-up, type of MAT and treatment dosage. Results There were 58 MAT program studies, with 27 047 participants eligible for inclusion in the review. Overall average retention after 12 months was 54.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 46.2, 63.7%]. Overall average retention was moderately good for both buprenorphine (48.3%, 95% CI = 22.1, 74.6%) and methadone (56.6%, 95% CI = 45.9%, 67.3%) after 12 months of treatment. Among programs using methadone there was no statistically significant difference in average retention by dosage level, and the 10 highest and lowest dosage programs obtained similar average retention levels after 12 months. Conclusion Medication-assisted treatment programs in low- and middle-income countries achieve an average 50% retention rate after 12 months, with wide variation across programs but little difference between those using buprenorphine versus methadone.

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“…This study has demonstrated that Iranian drug users are willing to seek medical treatment for their drug dependency. Buprenorphine has been shown to be effective in the treatment of Iranian heroin [ 12 ] and opium [ 15 , 16 ] users but needs to be more widely available, especially through general practice clinics, such as that described here as it may reduce stigmatisation for the user. It may be necessary to establish a special clinic for female drug users with female staff to encourage them to seek treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of drug use among a sample of drug users and injecting drug users attending a General Practice in Iran

Day

Nassirimanesh²,

Shakeshaft

et al. 2006

Harm Reduct J

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AimThis study aimed to examine drug use, drug treatment history and risk behaviour among a sample of Iranian drug users seeking treatment through a general practice clinic in Iran.MethodsReview of medical records and an intake questionnaire at a large general practice in Marvdasht, Iran, with a special interest in drug dependence treatment. Records from a random sample of injecting drug users (IDU), non-injecting drug users (DU) and non-drug using patients were examined.Results292 records were reviewed (34% IDU, 31% DU and 35% non-drug users). Eighty-three percent were males; all females were non-drug users. The mean age of the sample was 30 years. Of the IDU sample, 67% reported sharing a needle or syringe, 19% of these had done so in prison. Of those who had ever used drugs, being 'tired' of drug use was the most common reason for seeking help (34%). Mean age of first drug use was 20 years. The first drugs most commonly used were opium (72%), heroin (13%) and hashish/ other cannabinoids (13%). Three quarters reported having previously attempted to cease their drug use. IDU were more likely than DU to report having ever been imprisoned (41% vs 7%) and 41% to have used drugs in prison.ConclusionThis study has shown that there is a need for general practice clinics in Iran to treat drug users including those who inject and that a substantial proportion of those who inject have shared needles and syringes, placing them at risk of BBVI such as HIV and hepatitis C. The expansion of services for drug users in Iran such as needle and syringe programs and pharmacotherapies are likely to be effective in reducing the harms associated with opium use and heroin injection.

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Buprenorphine treatment of opium-dependent outpatients seeking treatment in Iran

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Role of Motivation for Behavior Change in Treatment Retention Amongst a Group of Illicit Drug Users: A Study From Iran

Role of Motivation for Behavior Change in Treatment Retention Amongst a Group of Illicit Drug Users: A Study From Iran

Retention of participants in medication‐assisted programs in low‐ and middle‐income countries: an international systematic review

Patterns of drug use among a sample of drug users and injecting drug users attending a General Practice in Iran

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