Burden of Coronary Artery Disease and Peripheral Artery Disease: A Literature Review

Abstract

Background. Atherothrombotic disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD), can lead to cardiovascular (CV) events, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, limb ischemia, heart failure, and CV death. Aim. Evaluate the humanistic and economic burden of CAD and PAD and identify unmet needs through a comprehensive literature review. Methods. Relevant search terms were applied across online publication databases. Studies published between January 2010 and August 2017 meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria were selected; guidelines were also included. Two rounds of screening were applied to select studies of relevance. Results. Worldwide data showed approximately 5–8% prevalence of CAD and 10–20% prevalence of PAD, dependent on the study design, average age, gender, and geographical location. Data from the REACH registry indicated that 18–35% of patients with CAD and 46–68% of patients with PAD had disease in one or more vascular beds. Use of medication to control modifiable CV risk factors was variable by country (lower in France than in Canada); statins and aspirin were the most widely used therapies in patients with chronic disease. Survival rates have improved with medical advancements, but there is an additional need to improve the humanistic burden of disease (i.e., associated disability and quality of life). The economic burden of atherothrombotic disease is high and expected to increase with increased survival and the aging population. Conclusion. CAD and PAD represent a substantial humanistic and economic burden worldwide, highlighting a need for new interventions to reduce the incidence of atherothrombotic disease.

An observational study of incidence and severity of coronary artery disease in peripheral artery disease patients in South India

“…Majorly affecting risk factors are smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. 9 Though both the comorbidities share similar risk factors and pathogenesis, the exact association between them is still unclear. Different hypotheses are postulated to explicate the link between occurrence of PAD and coronary events.…”

Optimization of the Statin Therapy Algorithm in Outpatient Practice: Adherence and Economic Benefits

“…Достижения современной медицины (оптимизация фармакотерапии и рост числа процедур реваскуляризации) оказали положительное влияние на выживаемость пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Это неизбежно привело к увеличению продолжительности жизни населения, а значит -и росту экономического бремени атеросклероз-ассоциированных заболеваний [3]. Данная ситуация и является определяющей в оптимизации фармакотерапии, направленной на сдерживание прогрессирования атеросклеротического процесса, соответственно -и на улучшение первичной и вторичной профилактики атеросклероз-ассоциированных заболеваний и их осложнений.…”

“…Данная ситуация и является определяющей в оптимизации фармакотерапии, направленной на сдерживание прогрессирования атеросклеротического процесса, соответственно -и на улучшение первичной и вторичной профилактики атеросклероз-ассоциированных заболеваний и их осложнений. Оптимизация профилактических мероприятий направлена и на повышение качества жизни таких пациентов, т. к. потребность в этом существенно возросла [3].…”

Mechanism of long non‑coding RNA metastasis‑associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 in lipid metabolism and inflammation in heart failure

“…lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 in lipid metabolism and inflammation in heart failure miR-532-3p is involved in atherothrombotic events that may lead to HF (19,20). miR-532-3p is of great value in the regulation of diverse metabolic disorders, including inflammation and obesity (21).…”