Burden of pneumococcal disease: 8-year retrospective analysis from a single centre in Hong Kong

Abstract

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common pathogen involved in community-acquired pneumonia. Invasive pneumococcal disease is often associated with higher co-morbidity rates, but mortality-related findings have been inconclusive. This study investigated predictors of 30-day mortality and invasive pneumococcal disease. Methods: This retrospective analysis included adults with pneumococcal disease who were admitted to Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2018. Demographics, microbiological characteristics, and outcomes were compared between 30-day survivors and non-survivors, and between patients with invasive disease and those with non-invasive disease. Intensive care unit (ICU) subgroup analysis was performed. The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes were ICU and hospital mortalities, and ICU and hospital lengths of stay. Results: In total, 792 patients had pneumococcal disease; 701 survived and 91 (11.5%) died within 30 days. Notably, 106 (13.4%) patients had invasive pneumococcal disease and 170 (21.5%) patients received intensive care. Vasopressor use (odds ratio [OR]=4.96, P<0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR=3.62, P<0.001), positive urinary antigen test results (OR=2.57, P=0.001), and advanced age

Prognostic factors for mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease in adult: a system review and meta-analysis

“…The 26 articles were published between 2000 and 2020, reported from Spain and the United States (n = 3 each), Canada, Japan, Israel, South Korea, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Taiwan (n = 2 each), and 6 other countries (n = 1 each) 6 , 12 – 36 . Two articles from Sweden and Georgia were multi-country studies compromising patients from 5 and 10 countries (Table 1 ).…”

Features of the clinical presentation and course of community-acquired pneumonia against the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения (ВОЗ), инфекции нижних дыхательных путей, включая пневмонию, остаются самыми смертоносными инфекционными заболеваниями, от которых в 2015 г. в мире умерли 3,2 млн человек. Тяжесть и исход внебольничной пневмонии определяет и коморбидная патология, такая как хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких, сердечная недостаточность, цереброваскулярные заболевания, заболевания почек, метаболический синдром и сахарный диабет [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Contributions of physicians to government-subsidised disease prevention programmes: an appeal for active participation

“…32 Another study found that clinicians who specialised in respiratory diseases, thoracic surgery, and cardiology were more committed to encouraging patients to cease tobacco use. 33 We believe that the study by Man et al 19 acts as a call for more active participation by physicians in disease prevention and screening programmes, and appeal for your support. Physicians play an important role in both primary and secondary disease prevention for asymptomatic individuals, including promotion of lifestyle modifications, vaccination for infectious diseases, and screening for early-stage cancer lesions such as cervical cancer and colorectal cancer.…”

“…15 Other examples of Government-subsidised programmes for disease prevention include cervical cancer screening, 16 colorectal cancer screening, 17 and the Smoking Cessation Programme. 18 In this issue of the Hong Kong Medical Journal, Man et al 19 report an 8-year large-scale retrospective cohort study that included 792 adult patients in a major hospital. The authors found that the 30-day mortality rates were 11.5% overall and 24.5% in those patients with IPD.…”