Burden of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized infants and young children in Amman, Jordan

Khuri‐Bulos, Najwa; Williams, John V.; Shehabi, Asem A.; Faouri, Samir; Jundi, Ehsan Al; Abushariah, Omar; Chen, Qingxia; Ali, Syed Asad; Vermund, Sten H.; Halasa, Natasha

doi:10.3109/00365540903496544

Cited by 34 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…RSV showed circulation throughout most of the year but was highly seasonal, with annual peaks between November and February. This finding is consistent with both temperate North America [8] and with previous studies that have identified RSV seasons in Egypt, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates within the same time frame [33] and with the highest peak in January [30]. The height of hMPV circulation was between January and May, which is consistent with its pattern of infection in temperate climates, where peaks occur either with or just after RSV in late winter or spring [7].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Viral etiology, seasonality and severity of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infections in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2007–2014

et al. 2017

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IntroductionLittle is known about the role of viral respiratory pathogens in the etiology, seasonality or severity of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.MethodsSentinel surveillance for SARI was conducted from December 2007 through February 2014 at 20 hospitals in Egypt, Jordan, Oman, Qatar and Yemen. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from hospitalized patients meeting SARI case definitions and were analyzed for infection with influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (AdV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human parainfluenza virus types 1–3 (hPIV1-3). We analyzed surveillance data to calculate positivity rates for viral respiratory pathogens, describe the seasonality of those pathogens and determine which pathogens were responsible for more severe outcomes requiring ventilation and/or intensive care and/or resulting in death.ResultsAt least one viral respiratory pathogen was detected in 8,753/28,508 (30.7%) samples tested for at least one pathogen and 3,497/9,315 (37.5%) of samples tested for all pathogens–influenza in 3,345/28,438 (11.8%), RSV in 3,942/24,503 (16.1%), AdV in 923/9,402 (9.8%), hMPV in 617/9,384 (6.6%), hPIV1 in 159/9,402 (1.7%), hPIV2 in 85/9,402 (0.9%) and hPIV3 in 365/9,402 (3.9%). Multiple pathogens were identified in 501/9,316 (5.4%) participants tested for all pathogens. Monthly variation, indicating seasonal differences in levels of infection, was observed for all pathogens. Participants with hMPV infections and participants less than five years of age were significantly less likely than participants not infected with hMPV and those older than five years of age, respectively, to experience a severe outcome, while participants with a pre-existing chronic disease were at increased risk of a severe outcome, compared to those with no reported pre-existing chronic disease.ConclusionsViral respiratory pathogens are common among SARI patients in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Ongoing surveillance is important to monitor changes in the etiology, seasonality and severity of pathogens of interest.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Viral etiology, seasonality and severity of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infections in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2007–2014

et al. 2017

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“…Thirty‐seven studies from 24 countries published between 2002 and 2014, with suitable case fatality data among children <5 years of age with community‐acquired, medically attended, confirmed RSV‐ARI were included in the mortality analysis. The case fatality estimates (reported per 1,000 children) were stratified according to age and region (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization and mortality: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Stein

Bont

Zar

et al. 2016

Pediatric Pulmonology

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SummaryBackground: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major public health burden worldwide. We aimed to review the current literature on the incidence and mortality of severe RSV in children globally. Methods: Systematic literature review and meta‐analysis of published data from 2000 onwards, reporting on burden of acute respiratory infection (ARI) due to RSV in children. Main outcomes were hospitalization for severe RSV‐ARI and death. Results: Five thousand two hundred and seventy‐four references were identified. Fifty‐five studies were included from 32 countries. The global RSV‐ARI hospitalization estimates, reported per 1,000 children per year (95% Credible Interval (CrI), were 4.37 (2.98, 6.42) among children <5 years, 19.19 (15.04, 24.48) among children <1 year, 20.01 (9.65, 41.31) among children <6 months and 63.85 (37.52, 109.70) among premature children <1 year. The RSV‐ARI global case‐fatality estimates, reported per 1,000 children, (95% Crl) were 6.21 (2.64, 13.73) among children <5 years, 6.60 (1.85, 16.93) for children <1 year, and 1.04 (0.17, 12.06) among preterm children <1 year. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of RSV‐associated morbidity occurs in the first year of life, especially in children born prematurely. These data affirm the importance of RSV disease in the causation of hospitalization and as a significant contributor to pediatric mortality and further demonstrate gestational age as a critical determinant of disease severity. An important limitation of case‐fatality ratios is the absence of individual patient characteristics of non‐surviving patients. Moreover, case‐fatality ratios cannot be translated to population‐based mortality. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:556–569. © 2016 The Authors. Pediatric Pulmonology. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Two previous QCMD panels were available for HMPV testing, the 2006 MPV.RSV06 and 2009 MPV.RSVRNA09 (www.qcmd.org) 40, 42 . The 2006 EQA panel comprised cultured A1 and B1 viruses at dilutions from 10 −3 to 10 −7 ; all were detected by the NL-N 2 assay except one sample containing A1 at 2×10 −6 dilution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay for improved detection of human metapneumovirus

Ali

Johnson

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Background Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a paramyxovirus with multiple genetic lineages that is a leading cause of acute respiratory disease. Several RT-PCR assays have been described based on limited available sequence data. Objectives To develop a broadly reactive real-time RT-PCR assay for HMPV that allows for a rapid, sensitive, and specific detection in a clinical or research setting. Study Design Three published assays for HMPV were modified based on analysis of multiple HMPV sequences obtained from GenBank. Original and modified assays were tested against prototype HMPV strains from each genetic sublineage, multiple isolates of HMPV from different years, a collection of clinical specimens, and commercial validation panels. Results A number of potential sequence mismatches with diverse HMPV strains were identified. Modifications were made to oligonucleotides to improve annealing efficiency. Primers and probes based on newer sequence data offered enhanced detection of all subgroups, especially for low titer specimens. The new primers and probe detected multiple clinical isolates of HMPV collected over a twenty-year period. The modified assay improved detection of HMPV in a panel of clinical specimens, and correctly identified HMPV samples in two commercial validation sets. Conclusions We report a modified real-time RT-PCR assay for HMPV that detects all genetic lineages with high sensitivity.

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Burden of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized infants and young children in Amman, Jordan

Cited by 34 publications

References 36 publications

Viral etiology, seasonality and severity of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infections in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2007–2014

Viral etiology, seasonality and severity of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infections in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2007–2014

Respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization and mortality: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay for improved detection of human metapneumovirus

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