Burkitt lymphoma in <scp>UGANDA</scp>, the legacy of <scp>D</scp>enis <scp>B</scp>urkitt and an update on the disease status

Walusansa, Victoria; Okuku, Fred; Orem, Jackson

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09027.x

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Some of these findings are similar to the findings from a previous study in Sudan where lymphoma, leukemia, and Wilms' tumors were reported to be the three most common cancers in this age group 25 and similar pattern has been seen in North African countries such as Tunisia 26 and Morocco 27 . The Khartoum childhood cancer profile is different from that in neighboring sub-Saharan African countries, which were mostly dominated by Burkett lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Cancer incidence in Khartoum, Sudan: first results from the Cancer Registry, 2009–2010

Saeed

Weng

Mohamed³

et al. 2014

Cancer Medicine

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In 2009, the first National Population-based Cancer Registry (NCR) was established in Sudan. We report in this study, the first data from the NCR for Khartoum State for the period 2009–2010. The NCR staff used passive and active approaches to collect data on cancer diagnosed by all means in Khartoum State. Rates were age standardized to the 2010 Sudan Standard Population and 1966 and 2000 World Standard Population and expressed per 100,000 populations. During 2009–2010, 6771 new cancer cases were registered. Of those, 3646 (53.8%) cases were in women and 3125 (46.2%) were in men. The most commonly diagnosed cancer among women was breast followed by leukemia, cervix, and ovary, and among men it was prostate cancer followed by leukemia, lymphoma, oral, colorectal, and liver. In children less than 15 years of age, leukemia was the most common cancer followed lymphoma, and cancer of the eye, bone, kidney, and the brain. The overall age-standardized rate (ASR) per 100,000 population was higher in women (124.3) than in men (90.8) using 2010 Sudan Standard Population. Similarly, it was higher in women (188.6 and 206.3 per 100,000 population) than in men (145.4 and 160.0 per 100,000 population) using 1966 and 2000 World Standard Population, respectively. The data from NCR indicated that prostate and breast as the most commonly diagnosed cancer sites in men and women in Khartoum, while cancer of the cervix trailed behind portraying a cancer picture similar to that of the developed world. Despite the study limitations, the NCR data gave a fair representation of cancer profile of Khartoum State and underscored the need for high-quality cancer registries in Sudan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Cancer incidence in Khartoum, Sudan: first results from the Cancer Registry, 2009–2010

Saeed

Weng

Mohamed³

et al. 2014

Cancer Medicine

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“…Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is the commonest childhood cancer in many African countries, with an incidence between 5 and 10/100 000. [1][2][3][4][5] Burkitt and colleagues pioneered curative therapy at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) in the 1950s. [6][7][8] In subsequent years, survival of all children with endemic BL (eBL) at the UCI has been reported between 30% and 65%, consistent with recent reports from Kenya and Malawi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of children with endemic Burkitt lymphoma in a prospective clinical care project in Uganda

McGoldrick

Mutyaba

Adams

et al. 2019

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Purpose “Endemic” Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a common childhood cancer in Africa. Social and treatment factors may contribute to poor survival. With the aim of improving BL outcomes in Uganda, we undertook a comprehensive project (BL Project) that provided diagnostic support, access to standard chemotherapy, nutritional evaluations, and case management. We evaluated survival of children with BL in the context of the project. Patients and methods Patients followed by the BL Project who consented to research were enrolled in this study. Children with a pathology diagnosis consistent with BL were eligible. Data were collected prospectively. First‐line chemotherapy generally consisted of six cycles of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, low‐dose methotrexate (COM). We used Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses to evaluate factors associated with overall survival (OS). Results Between July 2012 and June 2017, 341 patients with suspected BL presented to the BL Project. One hundred eighty patients with a pathology‐based diagnosis were included in this study. The median age was seven years (interquartile range, 5–9), 74% lived ≥100 km from the Uganda Cancer Institute, 61% had late‐stage disease, 84% had ECOG performance status < 3, 63% reported B‐symptoms, and 22% showed neurologic symptoms. Fewer than 10% abandoned therapy. The four‐year OS rate was 44% (95% CI, 36%–53%). In a multivariate model, ECOG status was significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion The BL Project reduced effects of lacking supportive care and oncology resources, and allowed patients from Uganda to receive curative intent therapy with minimal loss to follow‐up. Nonetheless, OS remains unacceptably low. Improved therapeutic approaches to endemic BL are urgently needed in Africa.

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“…Altogether there were 52 reports that appeared to comply with the inclusion criteria, some sets of reports were considered under Criterion A and were eliminated including: Emmaneul B et al [31], Fleming A [32], Molyneux, Elizabeth M et al [33], Orem J et al [34], Walusansa et al [35] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing clinical picture of endemic Burkitt’s lymphoma with improved diagnostic technology: A systematic review

Kamulegeya¹,

Louis²,

Oliver³

et al. 2015

J Cancer Res Ther

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We evaluated the changes in anatomical locations of endemic Burkitt's lymphoma (eBL) by systematic review. We compared the reports before ultrasound became a routine investigation in Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) diagnosis with those that used ultrasound as part of pre therapeutic diagnosis. Methods: All alternative match terms able to capture the anatomical distribution of eBL were used as search terms for two electronic databases, namely Medline and "Web of Science". Only reports that had reasonable case load were considered for analysis. However the case reports and case series with five or less patients were not included. Results: Medline produced more systematic review identified reports. The search terms "endemic Burkitt lymphoma Africa" yielded the highest number of articles in both databases but had a low precision, at 3.5. Pattern of organ involvement Burkitt lymphoma Africa had a precision at 100%. Medline recalled 27 reports that were not recalled by the Web of Science. Generally it appears that studies that have relied on laparotomies, autopsies and ultrasound have reported a higher abdominal involvement in eBL than those using clinical examination and plain radiographs. This points to the possibility of missed abdominal involvement due to diagnostic techniques. Conclusion: the review confirms that as more Sub Saharan African (SSA) countries incorporate US as a routine investigation in management of eBL, we are likely to see more abdominal disease with or without facial manifestation.

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Burkitt lymphoma in UGANDA, the legacy of Denis Burkitt and an update on the disease status

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Cancer incidence in Khartoum, Sudan: first results from the Cancer Registry, 2009–2010

Cancer incidence in Khartoum, Sudan: first results from the Cancer Registry, 2009–2010

Survival of children with endemic Burkitt lymphoma in a prospective clinical care project in Uganda

Changing clinical picture of endemic Burkitt’s lymphoma with improved diagnostic technology: A systematic review

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