Burma

Simmons, James A.; WHAYNE, TOM F.; Anderson, Gaylord W.; Horack, Harold Maclachlan

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4831-6658-2.50008-8

India and the Far East 1944

DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4831-6658-2.50008-8

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Burma

James A. Simmons

TOM F. WHAYNE

Gaylord W. Anderson

et al.

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“…Two things are clear, however: (1) the marsupial Sarcophilus exhibits a circadian rhythm of wheel-running similar to that shown by placentals, and (2 ) large-size activity wheels may be usefully applied to a variety of projects with animals larger than rodents. Simmons et al t 1944) and Laird (1963) recorded the presence of the polynesian rat in the Tokelau Islands but did not give the source of their information. Turner (1861; 1884) described Fakaofu Atoll as having "swarms of rats" in the mid-nineteenth century.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammals of The Tokelau Islands

Kirkpatrick

1966

Journal of Mammalogy

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammals of The Tokelau Islands

Kirkpatrick

1966

Journal of Mammalogy

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Historical Prevalence of Infectious Diseases, Cultural Values, and the Origins of Economic Institutions

Nikolaev

Salahodjaev

2017

Kyklos

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Summary It is widely believed that economic institutions such as competitive markets, the banking system, and the structure of property rights are essential for economic development. But why economic institutions vary across countries and what are their deep origins is still a question that is widely debated in the developmental economics literature. In this study, we provide an empirical test for the provocative hypothesis that the prevalence of infectious diseases influenced the formation of personality traits, cultural values, and even morality at the regional level (the so called Parasite‐ Stress Theory of Values and Sociality), which then shaped economic institutions across countries. Using the prevalence of pathogens as an instrument for cultural traits such as individualism, we show in a two‐stage least squares analysis that various economic institutions, measured by different areas of the index of Economic Freedom by the Heritage Foundation, have their deep origins in the historical prevalence of infectious diseases across countries. Our causal identification strategy suggests that cultural values affect economic institutions even after controlling for a number of confounding variables, geographic controls, and for different sub‐samples of countries. We further show that the results are robust to four alternative measures of economic and political institutions.

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Burma

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Mammals of The Tokelau Islands

Mammals of The Tokelau Islands

Historical Prevalence of Infectious Diseases, Cultural Values, and the Origins of Economic Institutions

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