Burnout‐depression overlap: Nomological network examination and factor‐analytic approach

Bianchi, Renzo; Schonfeld, Irvin Sam

doi:10.1111/sjop.12460

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…A 5-point rating scale was employed, from 1 for "strongly disagree" to 5 for "strongly agree." Substantial associations have been observed between illegitimate work tasks and burnout/depression in previous studies of educational staff members (Bianchi and Schonfeld, 2018), suggesting that illegitimate work tasks constitute highly relevant stressors in that occupational area.…”

Section: Illegitimate Work Tasksmentioning

confidence: 88%

Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study

2021

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It has often been asserted that burnout is primarily linked to occupational-context factors, and only secondarily to individual-level (e.g., personality) and non-work (or general) factors. We evaluated the validity of this view by examining the links between burnout and an array of 22 work-situated (effort-reward imbalance, unreasonable work tasks, unnecessary work tasks, weekly working hours, job autonomy, skill development, performance feedback, and support in work life), work-unrelated (sentimental accomplishment, familial accomplishment, number of child[ren], leisure activities, residential satisfaction, environmental quality, security in daily life, and support in personal life), dispositional (neuroticism, sex, age, and physical condition), and intersecting (work–non-work conflict and non-work–work conflict) variables. The study involved schoolteachers from three different countries: France (N = 4,395), Spain (N = 611), and Switzerland (N = 514). Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Educators. Most of our predictors were assessed based on widely used measures (e.g., neuroticism was assessed with the NEO-Five Factor Inventory). In order to assess sentimental accomplishment and familial accomplishment, we created two self-reported measures, namely, the Sentimental Accomplishment Inventory (SAI; 9 items) and the Familial Accomplishment Inventory (FAI; 9 items). The SAI and the FAI both showed strong reliability and high factorial validity. Exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analysis and Mokken scaling suggested that both instruments could be considered essentially unidimensional. The study results showed that neuroticism, job strain, skill development, security in daily life, and work–non-work conflict were consistently associated with burnout across the three samples. Sample-specific predictors of burnout included sex, age, unreasonable work tasks, weekly working hours, job autonomy, support in work life, sentimental accomplishment, leisure activities, support in personal life, and non-work–work conflict. Relative weight analysis indicated that neuroticism was the best predictor of burnout in each sample. Our findings suggest that burnout’s nomological network may not be primarily job-related. We conclude that the tendency to de-emphasize individual-level and non-work factors in burnout research is unwise. This tendency may constitute a roadblock in the development of effective interventional strategies. The implications of our findings for burnout’s conceptual status are discussed. The neuroticism-burnout link should be further examined in longitudinal studies.

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Section: Illegitimate Work Tasksmentioning

confidence: 88%

Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study

2021

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“…Following Maslach and Leiter's () line of argument, the burnout‐depression redundancy may be essentially “technical” and should not lead investigators to conclude that burnout and depression reflect the same phenomenon. While Maslach and Leiter's () argument has been strongly criticized (see Bianchi & Schonfeld, ), the extent to which the empirical overlap between burnout and depression can be imputed to the presence of fatigue‐related items in burnout and depression scales remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A five‐sample confirmatory factor analytic study of burnout‐depression overlap

2020

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Objective It has been asserted that burnout—a condition ascribed to unresolvable job stress—should not be mistaken for a depressive syndrome. In this confirmatory factor analytic study, the validity of this assertion was examined. Methods Five samples of employed individuals, recruited in Switzerland and France, were mobilized for this study (N = 3,113). Burnout symptoms were assessed with the Shirom–Melamed Burnout Measure, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)—General Survey, and the MBI for Educators. Depressive symptoms were measured with the PHQ‐9. Results In all five samples, the latent factors pertaining to burnout's components correlated on average more highly with the latent Depression factor than with each other, even with fatigue‐related items removed from the PHQ‐9. Second‐order factor analyses indicated that the latent Depression factor and the latent factors pertaining to burnout's components were reflective of the same overarching factor. Conclusions This study suggests that the burnout‐depression distinction is artificial.

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“…53 Burnout can be contagious within a department. [54][55][56] Despite its non-inclusion in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), several authorities on the topic assert that burnout is actually a depressive disorder. 38,[57][58][59][60][61] Healthcare organisations eventually suffer 62 from decreased efficiency, increased absenteeism, 52,63,64 and high staff turnover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burnout and areas of work-life among anaesthetists in South Africa Part 1 : Burnout

Coetzee

Kluyts

2020

Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia

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Background: Burnout is a psychological syndrome that develops in response to chronic job-related stressors. Its three predominant manifestations are emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and feelings of ineffectiveness and unfulfillment (low efficacy). Our study objectives were to establish the prevalence and severity of burnout among South African anaesthetists and to compare the results with previous studies. We also identified areas of work-life that predispose to burnout and we report these results in a separate paper (Part 2).1 Methods: We e-mailed invitations to 1 852 SASA members, requesting responses to two validated questionnaires, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Areas of Worklife Scale. We categorised respondents according to the “Emotional Exhaustion+1” principle, whereby a person is regarded as being clinically burned-out if he/she has a a high score for emotional exhaustion, plus either a high cynicism score or a low efficacy score. High scores for all three dimensions defined “extreme burnout”. Results: 189 public sector and 309 private sector anaesthetists responded. 85% of public sector respondents worked in academic hospitals. Compared to those in private practice, public sector anaesthetists exhibited a greater prevalence and severity of burnout. This was manifested by: (1) more adverse scores for all three burnout dimensions; (2) a greater prevalence of clinically diagnosable burnout (36.5% vs. 14.2%) as well as “extreme burnout” (17.5% vs. 6.5%). Public sector anaesthetists experienced more burnout than in other countries. Conclusions: The prevalence of burnout is unacceptably high among South African anaesthesia providers, particularly in public hospitals. This poses an immediate threat to both anaesthetists’ mental and physical health and to patient safety. The severity and prevalence in teaching institutions jeopardises the current effectiveness and future sustainability of the South African healthcare system.

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Burnout‐depression overlap: Nomological network examination and factor‐analytic approach

Cited by 32 publications

References 71 publications

Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study

Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study

A five‐sample confirmatory factor analytic study of burnout‐depression overlap

Burnout and areas of work-life among anaesthetists in South Africa Part 1 : Burnout

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