Burnout em trabalhadores de enfermagem de hospitais: estudo de tendências

Abstract

Objetivo: conhecer a tendência da produção científica brasileira sobre burnout em trabalhadores de enfermagem no ambiente hospitalar. Método: Revisão narrativa com busca sistemática de teses e dissertações; realizada no período entre setembro de 2020 e março de 2021, a partir do Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), com a combinação das palavras-chaves: “burnout AND "hospital" AND enfermagem”. Resultados: Foram incluídos 37 estudos, entre os anos de 2005 e 2019; evidenciaram-se três categorias temáticas: burnout e organização do trabalho, fatores associados ao burnout e estratégias e ações para prevenir o burnout. Observou-se que existem fatores correlacionados ente o burnout, a enfermagem e o ambiente hospitalar destacando-se entre eles, a baixa realização no trabalho, a exaustão profissional e o clima ético negativo; que investir. Conclusão/Considerações Finais: investir na prática de enfermagem em ambientes de trabalho éticos e positivos contribuirá na melhoria da qualidade da assistência de enfermagem e na redução de doenças laborais, como o burnout.

Alcohol and drug use in a sample of Brazilian Army soldiers

“…Another notorious fact in the results of this research is related to the consumption of hypnotics, amphetamines and opioids in the highest military ranks (sergeants and officers over 25 years). Although uncommon in the military, and not being significant in the present study, the positive relationship between the use of these substances and education and economic class shows a need for attention (24). Brazil is the country in South America and in the world with the highest rate of abuse of these substances, with young male individuals as the main consumers (18,19).…”

“…According to the WhO, "of structured (in the social) and structuring (in the minds) dispositions, acquired in and through practical experiences (in conditions specific social existence) and constantly oriented towards the functions and actions of everyday action" (23, p. 20). In this sense, place and work processes can lead to alcohol consumption due to structural factors (19,24).…”

“…Finally, reflections on cases of alcoholism in a military career indicate that in the military environment there is a fear of talking about the subject, as alcoholism (dependency) is considered a shameful act that can be interpreted as a moral decay, whether public or private (24). Thus, the fear of looking for help could be a result from the fear of suffering penalties, leading to a progressive depression of subjectivity that affects mental and physical health.…”

“…Considering that smoking is recognized as an etiological factor for numerous diseases, such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension and stroke, this scenario adds a heavy burden for public expenditure and claims young people's lives. It is estimated that every day nearly 100,000 children become regular smokers around the world, about 90% of smokers start this behavior by the age of 19, and 50% of those who have tried a cigarette become smokers during adulthood (20,23,24).…”

“…In Brazil, serving the aF is mandatory. However, the reality has shown that young military personnel who have just entered a military career come mostly from a lower social class, generally associated with lower education levels and greater social vulnerability (20,24). Consequently, entering the military career can be an opportunity for some of them to build a better future, which is why protection, promotion and prevention of health risks for first-year military personnel should be considered.…”