Business cycles, unemployment and entrepreneurial entry—evidence from Germany

Abstract

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Relationship Between Unemployment and Entrepreneurship Dynamics in the Czech Regions: a Panel VAR Approach

“…Scientific debate regarding the relationship between unemployment and entrepreneurship is, despite the recent increase in the amount of published studies (Dvouletý, 2017;Dvouletý and Mareš, 2016a, Cueto et al, 2015, Klapper et al, 2015or Fritsch et al, 2015, still not fully conclusive and scholars point out that this relationship varies over the time and across countries (Baptista and Thurik, 2007). Results of this research have clear implications for entrepreneurship policy makers, providing them tool for the decisions about the future adjustment of entrepreneurship policies during the times of higher unemployment rate.…”

“…Potential outcomes should be monitored with up to the two year lags. Positive, pro-cyclical relationship between unemployment and entrepreneurship has been obtained recently by Fritsch et al (2015). Nevertheless, Cueto et al (2015) note that the positive effect on entrepreneurial activity occurs only when unemployment rate increases substantially.…”

The Expected Job Satisfaction Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention as Career Choice in the Cultural and Artistic Industry

“…French research also shows a positive relationship between unemployment and entrepreneurship [14]. In Germany, unemployment and entrepreneurship were positively related, and more businesses started in downturns than during economic activity [16].…”

Integrating business start-up indicators in the flexicurity concept to cover the alternative forms of employment

“…Also known as the "entrepreneurial" effect, which suggests that high unemployment may be associated with a low degree of selfemployment (Thurik et al 2008). Higher start-up creation has been found during recession in Germany, by Fritsch et al 2013), which implies counter-cyclical business formation, and the "unemployment push" effect to work in times of high total unemployment. The findings by Thurik et al (2008) suggest that "unemployment push"/"refugee" effect is relatively small, therefore the policy should be focused on encouraging overall entrepreneurship that would lead to decreasing unemployment when unemployed individuals become employed on their own or by other start-ups.…”