“…Furthermore, digitalization of manufacturing operations can result in improved production flexibility, greater output capacity, improved product quality and reduced machine downtime (B€ uchi et al, 2020). In other words, digitalization is radically changing business models (Chen et al, 2020;Baden-Fuller and Haefliger, 2013;Rachinger et al, 2019;M€ uller, 2019;Chen et al, 2021;Bj€ orkdahl, 2020). However, for business model innovation to be successful, manufacturers must address the increasingly uncertain, complex and dynamic relationships between novel digital technologies and business model trade-offs related to their value chains (Baden-Fuller and Haefliger, 2013;Porter, 1985;Fjeldstad and Snow, 2018;Skinner, 1974;Ferdows and De Meyer, 1990).…”