Business Models for M-Services

Eriksson, Carina Ihlström; Kalling, Thomas; Åkesson, Maria; Fredberg, Tobias

doi:10.4018/9781615209675.ch028

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The fracture toughness of the MDPE, PB, and PP grades shown in FYg. 4 is inferior to that of WE-Stage I1 failures appear after approximately lo00 h for both PP and PB and 10,000 h for MDPE. The actual data presented in FYg.…”

Section: Long-term Properties Of Hot-water Polyokjh Pipes-a Reviewmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The apparently brittle fracture surface is covered with a great number of ruptured fibrils visible only in a n electron microscope. This transition is essentially always associated with a pronounced increase in the slope of the log hoop stress-log failure time line (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). The transition from Stage I failure to brittle fracture occurs at the shortest time for the XLPE pipe with the lowest gel content and at progressively longer times for pipes of materials with higher gel content (Fig.…”

Section: Behavior Of Polyolefin Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The actual data presented in FYg. 4 should be considered typical only of the actual grades, i.e., the particular combination of polymer, antioxidants, and fillers.…”

Section: Long-term Properties Of Hot-water Polyokjh Pipes-a Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term properties of hot‐water polyolefin pipes—a review

Gedde

Viebke

Leijström

et al. 1994

Polymer Engineering & Sci

184

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This is a review on the long‐term behavior of polyolefin pipes used in hot‐water environments. Included in the review is work done on pipes of crosslinked polyethylene, isotactic poly(butene‐1), isotactic polypropylene and medium‐density polyethylene, and in particular the extensive work performed at Studsvik, Sweden. A collective view of the changes in antioxidant concentration profiles and molecular/physical structure accompanying hot‐water exposure is presented. Failure at high stress levels is preceded by gross deformation (Stage I failure), whereas at lower stresses fracture is brittle either without any signs of thermal oxidation (Stage II) or induced by a strong and spatially concentrated thermal oxidation (Stage III). It is shown that the Stage III lifetime can be divided into three phases, denoted Regimes A, B, and C. They involve internal precipitation of antioxidant from a supersaturated solution (Regime A), diffusion‐controlled migration of antioxidant to the surrounding media (Regime B), and degradation of the polymer by thermal oxidation (Regime C). For hitherto reported cases the Regime B life constitutes 80% to 90% of the entire life. A presentation is also made of current lifetime extrapolation methods.

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Section: Long-term Properties Of Hot-water Polyokjh Pipes-a Reviewmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Behavior Of Polyolefin Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Long‐term properties of hot‐water polyolefin pipes—a review

Gedde

Viebke

Leijström

et al. 1994

Polymer Engineering & Sci

184

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show abstract

“…Increased ventricular action potential (AP) duration and QT prolongation have also been observed in diabetic animal models (Nobe et al 1990). It is also notable that the incidence of bundle branch block (Okamoto et al 1997;Eriksson et al 1998;Jouven et al 1999a,b;El-Atat et al 2004;Jeong et al 2004;Suarez et al 2005), bradyarrhythmias and atrioventricular (AV) block (Fairfax & Leatham, 1975;Rubler et al 1975;Grimm et al 1990;Podlaha & Falk, 1992;Movahed et al 2005;Movahed, 2007) is significantly higher in DM patients than in the general population. Movahed et al (2005) reported a significantly greater incidence of AV block in diabetic patients compared with non-diabetics, and the association persisted when adjusting for both coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptozotocin‐induced diabetes modulates action potentials and ion channel currents from the rat atrioventricular node

Yuill¹,

Tosh

Hancox

2010

Experimental Physiology

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The present study was conducted to evaluate whether experimentally induced type 1 diabetes results in alterations to atrioventricular nodal (AVN) electrophysiology at the cellular level. Spontaneous action potentials (APs) and ionic currents were recorded from AVN myocytes isolated from the hearts of control rats and from those with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Perforated patch-clamp recordings were used to assess changes in cellular AP parameters and in ionic currents. Type 1 diabetes significantly increased AP duration, whilst reducing AP firing rate, upstroke velocity and rate of diastolic depolarization. The diabetes-induced changes in AP parameters were accompanied by a significant leftward shift in the zero current potential under voltage clamp, a reduction in peak L-type Ca 2+ current density and reduced amplitude of delayed rectifier and hyperpolarization-activated currents. These findings demonstrate that experimentally induced type 1 diabetes can lead to remodelling of AVN cellular electrophysiology.

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“…The calculated VS is higher than the experiments because the miscut at Si/SiGe interfaces, which are known to suppress VS, 8,16 are not included in these simulations. Recent experimental efforts 10,29 focus on the use of flat substrates without miscuts. Here we focus on "flat" quantum wells since the primary goal of this work is study the effects of SiGe alloy disorder.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of interface disorder on valley splitting in SiGe/Si/SiGe quantum wells

Jiang

Kharche

Boykin

et al. 2012

Applied Physics Letters

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A sharp potential barrier at the Si/SiGe interface introduces valley splitting (VS), which lifts the 2-fold valley degeneracy in strained SiGe/Si/SiGe quantum wells (QWs). This work examines in detail the effects of Si/SiGe interface disorder on the VS in an atomistic tight binding approach based on statistical sampling. VS is analyzed as a function of electric field, QW thickness, and simulation domain size. Strong electric fields push the electron wavefunctions into the SiGe buffer and introduce significant VS variations from device to device. A Gedankenexperiment with ordered alloys sheds light on the importance of different bonding configurations on VS. We conclude that a single SiGe band offset and effective mass cannot comprehend the complex Si/SiGe interface interactions that dominate VS.

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Business Models for M-Services

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Long‐term properties of hot‐water polyolefin pipes—a review

Long‐term properties of hot‐water polyolefin pipes—a review

Streptozotocin‐induced diabetes modulates action potentials and ion channel currents from the rat atrioventricular node

Effects of interface disorder on valley splitting in SiGe/Si/SiGe quantum wells

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