Butenolide from plant-derived smoke enhances germination and seedling growth of arable weed species

Daws, Matthew I.; Davies, Jennifer; Pritchard, Hugh W.; Brown, N.A.C.; Staden, J. Van

doi:10.1007/s10725-006-9149-8

Cited by 122 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Butenolide was a very active dormancy breaking factor at very low concentrations (10 -8 M) and could remove completely or partially deep dormancy in seeds at 15-25°C. Fully dormant seeds of A. fatua were more sensitive to butenolide than partially dormant seeds from the United Kingdom (Daws et al 2007) and Australia (Stevens et al 2007). Similar effects of smoke-water and butenolide on seed germination were observed in experiments with Asteraceae (Merritt et al 2006) and some agricultural plants (Daws et al 2007;Stevens et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Stevens et al (2007) observed that both smoke-water and butenolide stimulated germination of freshly harvested but only partially that of dormant seeds of A. fatua from Australia. In another study, smoke-water inhibited germination but butenolide only partially stimulated germination of dry stored A. fatua seeds collected in the United Kingdom (Daws et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Seeds responding to smoke are usually also sensitive to the butenolide. In comparison to smoke, the butenolide was found to stimulate a broader range of weed species (Daws et al 2007). This is comprehensible since smoke contains several thousand compounds (Maga 1988) some of which may inhibit germination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is comprehensible since smoke contains several thousand compounds (Maga 1988) some of which may inhibit germination. Both smoke and butenolide can enhance seedling growth of arable weed species (Daws et al 2007) and improve seedling vigor of Oryza sativa and Dioscorea dregeana (Kulkarni et al , 2007. Likewise, both smoke and butenolide enhanced seedling growth of crop plants such as tomato, bean, okra and maize .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Releasing primary dormancy in Avena fatua L. caryopses by smoke-derived butenolide

2010

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The effect of smoke and smoke-derived butenolide in releasing dormancy of caryopses (referred to as seeds) of the economically important weed Avena fatua L. was studied. Seeds of A. fatua are dormant after harvest. Both smoke-water and butenolide, applied continuously, removed dormancy in darkness at 15, 20 and 25°C and slightly at 30°C. Butenolide was very active at a concentration of 10 -8M. Butenolide at 10 -8 M was also able to remove dormancy at 20°C when applied for 12 or 24 h at 4°C or for 3 to 24 h at 20°C. Sensitivity to butenolide decreased with longer preincubation times in water. This compound was less effective in releasing dormancy in the light than in darkness. Dormancy release by butenolide involves induction of cell-cycle activity just before coleorhiza protrusion. Stimulatory effects of smoke-water and butenolide were also observed in respect of seedling growth and vigor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Releasing primary dormancy in Avena fatua L. caryopses by smoke-derived butenolide

2010

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“…Since the identification of KAR 1 , several diverse species have been classified as responding positively to karrikins. These include the arable weeds Brassica tournefortii and Sisymbrium orientale (Brassicacaeae) (Stevens et al 2007), and Avena fatua and Sorghum halepense (Poaceae) (Daws et al 2007). A recent study of the effects of smokewater and KAR 1 on seed germination of 13 species from South China identified only one (Aristolochia debilis; Aristolochiaceae) as responding positively to 1 nM KAR 1 or more (Zhou et al 2014).…”

Section: Seed Germination Responses To Karrikinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From little things big things grow: karrikins and new directions in plant development

Waters¹

2017

Functional Plant Biol.

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Abstract. Karrikins are a family of compounds generated via the incomplete combustion of plant matter. Since their discovery as seed germination stimulants in 2004, a great deal has been learned about the chemistry and the biological mode of action of karrikins. Much interest and progress have stemmed from the structural similarity of karrikins to that of strigolactones -the shoot branching hormone. This review will provide a historical account of some of the more significant discoveries in this area of plant biology. It will discuss how the study of these abiotic signalling molecules, combined with advances in our understanding of strigolactones, has led us towards the discovery of new mechanisms that regulate plant growth and development.

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Karrikins: Germination Stimulants Produced by Wildfires

Smith¹

2019

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Karrikins are simple organic chemicals produced by wildfires that stimulate germination of dormant seeds in the soil. They are present in the smoke and char produced by the fire and are washed into the soil by the following rains. Many plant species have evolved such that their seeds remain dormant in the soil until they encounter karrikins, whereupon they can germinate. This strategy has the advantage that emerging seedlings will have plenty of light and a supply of nutrients released by the fire. Such plants are termed ‘fire ephemerals’ because they appear after fires, then flower, produce seed and die. It is believed that karrikins mimic an unidentified endogenous germination hormone. Karrikins are also similar to endogenous hormones called strigolactones that control plant development. Karrikin perception by seeds apparently requires a protein closely related to the strigolactone receptor. Karrikins or smoke can be used to stimulate germination in horticulture and landscape revegetation. Key Concepts Wildfires stimulate seeds in the soil to germinate which contributes to rapid revegetation. Seeds from many plant species are adapted to respond to chemicals produced by fire. The most active germination stimulant produced by wildfires is a butenolide named ‘karrikin’. Karrikins can influence germination and also seedling development. The receptor protein and molecular components of the response pathway have been identified. Karrikins mimic an ancient endogenous plant hormone that has not yet been identified. Karrikins stimulate germination of agricultural weeds and so might be useful for their control. Karrikins provide tools and knowledge to help us manage our natural landscapes. Karrikins might be useful in seed conservation work and in seed banks. The karrikin signalling system might be applied in crop breeding for environmental resilience.

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Butenolide from plant-derived smoke enhances germination and seedling growth of arable weed species

Cited by 122 publications

References 26 publications

Releasing primary dormancy in Avena fatua L. caryopses by smoke-derived butenolide

Releasing primary dormancy in Avena fatua L. caryopses by smoke-derived butenolide

From little things big things grow: karrikins and new directions in plant development

Karrikins: Germination Stimulants Produced by Wildfires

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