Butyltins in sediments from Boston Harbor, USA

Makkar, Narinder; Kronick, A.T.; Cooney, J. J.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(89)90485-2

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The average percentages of TBT were reported to range from 74 to 77% in Sweden [27], the United States [28], and in surface sediments from industrialized estuaries and harbors in France, Spain, Portugal, and The Netherlands [29][30][31]. The average percentages of this study are also comparable to those measured in sediments from sites on Thailand coasts [14] and U.S. coastal areas [32,33]. Low relative percentages of TBT were also observed in sediments from Korea [19], the United States [17], and Arcachon, France [34].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Butyltin Compounds in Sediments From the Commercial Harbor of Alexandria City, Egypt

Barakat

Kim

Qian

et al. 2001

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), and monobutyltin (MBT) compounds were quantitatively determined in surface-sediment samples collected from 23 sites in the commercial harbor of Alexandria City, Egypt. Butyltin concentrations in sediments varied widely depending on the sample location, ranging from less than 0.1 to 186 ng g(-1) of Sn for MBT, less than 0.1 to 379 ng g(-1) of Sn for DBT, and 1 to 2,067 ng g(-1) of Sn for TBT Elevated TBT concentrations, ranging from 727 to 2,067 ng g(-1) of Sn were observed in harbors, marinas, and near ship-repair facilities, indicating that the butyltin-containing, antifouling paints of boats and vessels are the major source of butyltin contamination. The TBT concentration decreased rapidly away from potential source areas of boat docking and repair facilities. The high relative concentrations of TBT in the sediments indicated that degradation processes in the sediments are minor, probably due to the anoxic sedimentary conditions at the sampling sites and/or relatively fresh input of TBT to these sites.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Butyltin Compounds in Sediments From the Commercial Harbor of Alexandria City, Egypt

Barakat

Kim

Qian

et al. 2001

Environ Toxicol Chem

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“…widely found in natural environments although it is usually difficult to ascertain the relative proportions that arise from anthropogenic sources, abiotic or biotic methylation reactions or degradation of more complex organotin molecules [4,17,18,23,24,[34][35][36]. Biomethylation of inorganic SnC14 • 5H20 has been demonstrated with pure bacterial cultures, e.g.…”

Section: Tin Biomethylation Methyltin Compounds Arementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tin. The cycling of tin is a topic of increasing concern because of the entry of organotins into the environment from industrial and agricultural applications [8,[10][11][12][13]36,98]. The largest commercial use of organotins is as PVC stabilizers and such compounds may enter the environment as a result of leaching/weathering, land burial and incineration, although the majority of organotins entering the environment arise from biocidal applications [3,23,35,79].…”

Section: Organometal(loid) Transformations In Biogeochemical Cycling mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial formation and transformation of organometallic and organometalloid compounds

Gadd

1993

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

182

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Microbial formation and transformation of organometallic and organometalloid compounds comprise significant components of biogeochemical cycles for the metals mercury, lead and tin and the metalloids arsenic, selenium, tellurium and germanium. Methylated derivatives of such elements can arise as a result of chemical and biological mechanisms and this frequently results in altered volatility, solubility, toxicity and mobility. The major microbial methylating agents are methylcobalamin (CH3CoB12), involved in the methylation of mercury, tin and lead, and S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM), involved in the methylation of arsenic and selenium. Evidence for the methylation of other toxic metal(loid)s is sparse. Biomethylation may result in metal(loid) detoxification since methylated derivatives may be excreted readily from cells, are often volatile and may be less toxic, e.g. organoarsenicals. However, for mercury, low yields of methylated derivatives and the existence of more efficient resistance mechanisms, e.g. reduction of Hg2+ to Hg0, suggest a lower significance in detoxification. Bioalkylation has only been characterised in detail for arsenic. Microorganisms can accumulate organometal(loid)s, a phenomenon relevant to toxicant transfer to higher organisms. As well as bioaccumulation, many microorganisms are capable of the degradation and detoxification of organometal(loid) compounds by, e.g. demethylation and dealkylation. Several organometal(loid) transformations have potential for environmental bioremediation.

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“…1 The various environmental problems produced by organotin compounds include bioaccumulation of organotin, 2 organotin pollution in sediments, 3 and imposex in marine invertebrates. 4 Previous studies focused on the biodegradation of organotins have been made using microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of iron on the degradation of triphenyltin by pyoverdins isolated from Pseudomonas chlororaphis

Yamaoka

Inoue

Takimura

et al. 2002

Applied Organom Chemis

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The yellow compound pyoverdin was isolated from the bacteria Pseudomonas chlororaphis, isolated from mud in Japan. A study of the effects of iron, phosphorus, manganese and zinc on degradation of triphenyltin (TPT) by pyoverdin (20 mg) was carried out in distilled water (30 ml) containing 6 mg l À1 concentration of TPT at 20°C for 48 or 96 h. The organotins in water were analyzed by gas chromatograph±mass spectrometry in the selected ion mode. The degradation of TPT by pyoverdin decreased with increase of phosphorus at 0±35 mg l À1 and Fe-EDTA at 0±2 mg l À1 concentrations.Also, degradation of diphenyltin by pyoverdin decreased with increase of Mn-EDTA at 0±1 mg l À1and Zn-EDTA at 0±1 mg l À1. On the other hand, degradation of TPT by pyoverdin was found to be unaffected by manganese and zinc in water.

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Butyltins in sediments from Boston Harbor, USA

Cited by 32 publications

References 13 publications

Butyltin Compounds in Sediments From the Commercial Harbor of Alexandria City, Egypt

Butyltin Compounds in Sediments From the Commercial Harbor of Alexandria City, Egypt

Microbial formation and transformation of organometallic and organometalloid compounds

Effects of iron on the degradation of triphenyltin by pyoverdins isolated from Pseudomonas chlororaphis

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