Butyrate Protects against SARS-CoV-2-Induced Tissue Damage in Golden Hamsters

Yu, Huan; Yuan, Lunzhi; Yan, Zhigang; Zhou, Ming; Ye, Jianghui; Wu, Kun; Chen, Wenjia; Chen, Rirong; Xia, Ningshao; Guan, Yi; Zhu, Huachen

doi:10.3390/ijms241814191

IJMS

2023

DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814191

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Butyrate Protects against SARS-CoV-2-Induced Tissue Damage in Golden Hamsters

Huan Yu,

Lunzhi Yuan,

Zhigang Yan

et al.

Abstract: Butyrate, produced by gut microbe during dietary fiber fermentation, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on chronic inflammation diseases, yet it remains to be explored whether butyrate has protective effects against viral infections. Here, we demonstrated that butyrate alleviated tissue injury in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected golden hamsters supplemented with butyrate before and during the infection. Butyrate-treated hamsters showed augmentation of type I inte… Show more

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2024

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Gut microbe–host interactions in post-COVID syndrome: a debilitating or restorative partnership?

Scheithauer,

Montijn,

Mieremet

2024

Gut Microbes

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Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) patients have reported a wide range of symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, and diarrhea. Particularly, the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms has led to the hypothesis that the gut microbiome is involved in the development and severity of PCS. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the role of the gut microbiome in PCS by describing the microbial composition and microbial metabolites in COVID-19 and PCS. Moreover, host–microbe interactions via the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) and the microbiota-gut-lung (MGL) axes are described. Furthermore, we explore the potential of therapeutically targeting the gut microbiome to support the recovery of PCS by reviewing preclinical model systems and clinical studies. Overall, current studies provide evidence that the gut microbiota is affected in PCS; however, diversity in symptoms and highly individual microbiota compositions suggest the need for personalized medicine. Gut-targeted therapies, including treatments with pre- and probiotics, have the potential to improve the quality of life of affected individuals.

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Gut microbe–host interactions in post-COVID syndrome: a debilitating or restorative partnership?

Scheithauer,

Montijn,

Mieremet

2024

Gut Microbes

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show abstract

High abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the naso-oropharynx of SARS-CoV-2-infected persons in an African population: implications for low disease severity

Akorli,

Opoku,

Appiah-Twum

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background The association of the oral microbiome with SARS-CoV-2 infections and disease progression has been documented in European, Asian, and American populations but not in Africa. Methods We conducted a study in Ghana to evaluate and compare the naso-oropharyngeal microbiome in SARS-CoV-2-infected and uninfected persons before (pre-vaccine) and after vaccine availability (post-vaccine) in the country. 16S rRNA V3-V4 variable region was sequenced and analysed from DNA extracted from naso-oropharyngeal swabs. Results Considering only the infection status, infected and uninfected groups had no difference in their within-group diversity and was evident in the study population pre- and post-vaccine availability. The introduction of vaccines reduced the diversity of the naso-oropharyngeal microbiome particularly among SARS-CoV-2 positive persons and, vaccinated individuals (both infected and uninfected) had higher microbial diversity compared to their unvaccinated counterparts. SARS-CoV-2-positive and -negative individuals were largely compositionally similar varying by 4–7% but considering vaccination*infection statuses, the genetic distance increased to 12% (P = 0.003) and was mainly influenced by vaccination. Common among the pre- and post-vaccine samples, Atopobium and Finegoldia were abundant in infected and uninfected individuals, respectively. Bacteria belonging to major butyrate-producing phyla, Bacillota (particularly class Clostridia) and Bacteroidota showed increased abundance more strikingly in infected individuals before vaccines were available. They reduced significantly after vaccines were introduced into the country with Fusobacterium and Lachnoanaerobaculum being the only common bacteria between pre-vaccine infected persons and vaccinated individuals, suggesting that natural infection and vaccination correlate with high abundance of short-chain fatty acids. Conclusion Our results show, in an African cohort, the abundance of bacteria taxa known for their protective pathophysiological processes, especially during infection, suggesting that this population is protected against severe COVID-19. The immune-related roles of the members of Bacillota and Bacteroidota that were found associated with infection and vaccination require further studies, and how these may be linked to ethnicity, diet and age. We also recommend expansion of microbiome–disease association studies across Africa to identify possible bacterial-mediated therapeutics for emerging infections.

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Butyrate Protects against SARS-CoV-2-Induced Tissue Damage in Golden Hamsters

Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

Gut microbe–host interactions in post-COVID syndrome: a debilitating or restorative partnership?

Gut microbe–host interactions in post-COVID syndrome: a debilitating or restorative partnership?

High abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the naso-oropharynx of SARS-CoV-2-infected persons in an African population: implications for low disease severity

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