Butyrylcholinesterase activity and risk factors for coronary artery disease

Alcântara, Vânia M.; Chautard‐Freire‐Maia, Eleidi A.; Scartezini, Mariléia; Cerci, Mario; Braun-Prado, K; Picheth, Geraldo

doi:10.1080/00365510260296564

Cited by 94 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The negative influence of male gender related to low BuChE levels likely reflects the fact that most of the chlorpyrifos exposed workers were males. Studies exist in which simple correlational analyses associated BuChE activity with sex and a number of other factors related to coronary artery disease, but step-wise multiple regression analysis did not show independent correlations with BuChE activity (Alcantara et al, 2002). Cross-sectional evaluations of the possible role of BuChE activity in Alzheimer disease (as related to the introduction of anticholinesterase treatments) and cardiovascular disease found that BuChE activity was inversely associated with age, positively associated with being overweight and obese (e.g., BMI), and positively associated with serum albumin, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels (Calderon-Margalit et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Paraoxonase status and plasma butyrylcholinesterase activity in chlorpyrifos manufacturing workers

Albers

Garabrant

Berent

et al. 2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphorus (OP) anticholinesterase insecticide. Paraoxonase (PON1) is an enzyme found in liver and plasma that hydrolyzes a number of OP compounds. PON1 polymorphisms include a glutamine (Q)/arginine (R) substitution at position 192 (PON1 Q192R ) that affects hydrolysis of OP substrates, with the PON1 192Q allotype hydrolyzing chlorpyrifos oxon less efficiently than the PON1 192R allotype, a variation potentially important in determining susceptibility to chlorpyrifos. We studied 53 chlorpyrifos workers and 60 referents during 1 year and estimated chlorpyrifos exposure using industrial hygiene and employment records and excretion of the chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP). Plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity, which may by inhibited by chlorpyrifos exposure, was measured monthly. In addition, plasma samples were assayed for paraoxonase (PONase), diazoxonase (DZOase), and chlorpyrifosoxonase (CPOase) activity to determine PON1 status (inferred genotypes and their functional activity). Linear regression analyses modeled BuChE activity as a function of chlorpyrifos exposure and covariates. We postulated that the level of CPOase activity and the inferred PON1 192 genotype (together reflecting PON1 status) would differ between groups and that PON1 status would modify the models of chlorpyrifos exposure on BuChE activity. Chlorpyrifos workers and referents had a 100-fold difference in cumulative chlorpyrifos exposure. Contrary to our hypotheses, mean CPOase activity was similar in both groups (P ¼ 0.58) and PON1 192Q showed a slight overrepresentation, not an underrepresentation, in the chlorpyrifos group compared with referents (PON1 192QQ , 51% chlorpyrifos, 40% referent; PON 192QR , 43% chlorpyrifos, 40% referent; PON 192RR , 6% chlorpyrifos, 20% referent, P ¼ 0.08). In our models, BuChE activity was significantly inversely associated with measures of interim chlorpyrifos exposure, but the biological effects of chlorpyrifos exposure on BuChE activity were not modified by PON1 inferred genotype or CPOase activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Paraoxonase status and plasma butyrylcholinesterase activity in chlorpyrifos manufacturing workers

Albers

Garabrant

Berent

et al. 2009

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…However, the DM2 subjects presented higher values for a majority of the analyzed variables, except for height, HDL-C and AC OF . The pairing procedure was used because males and older individuals presented higher mean values for BChEA (4,7,9,33,34), AC 4/5 (4,34) and AC OF (4), when compared to females and younger individuals with CHE2 C5-phenotype.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physiological function of BChE is still unknown, but positive correlations were found between BChEA and diabetes mellitus (DM) (6,7); triglycerides (TG) (7)(8)(9); total cholesterol (TC) (7,10); apolipoprotein B (ApoB) (7,9); adult body weight (2,11) and BMI (3,4). In light of some of these correlations, Kutty and cols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butyrylcholinesterase and diabetes mellitus in the CHE2 C5- and CHE2 C5+ phenotypes

Cwiertnia

Alcântara

Réa

et al. 2010

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Objective: To investigate the relationship between butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities (total and band specific) and diabetes mellitus. Subjects and methods: BChE activities (BChEA, AC 4/5 , AC OF and RC 5 ) were analyzed in 101 type 1 (DM1) and in 145 type 2 (DM2) diabetic patients, in relation to phenotype, weight and incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in these patients. The C 4/5 and C 5 complex were separated from other molecular forms (C OF ) using an acid agar gel. Results: The BChE activity (BChEA) and the absolute activities of C 4/5 (AC 4/5 ) and C OF (AC OF ) showed a high positive correlation coefficient to weight in the CHE2 C5-group, while the relative activity of C 5 complex (RC 5 ) showed a negative correlation to weight. Conclusions: The present study suggests that the positive correlation of the BChE activities to diabetes mellitus and to insulin resistance may depend on the CHE2 locus variability. High values of BChE activities were associated with insulin resistance only in CHE2 C5-diabetic patients, while in CHE2 C5+ diabetic patients, the presence of C 5 complex, especially in a relatively high proportion, leads to less fat storage and better protection against metabolic syndrome. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(1):60-7 Keywords BCHE and CHE2 loci; C 4/5 and C 5 complexes; obesity, insulin resistance; metabolic syndrome; serum cholinesterase RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre as atividades (total e banda específica) da butirilcolinesterase (BChE) e diabetes melito. Sujeitos e métodos: As atividades da BChE (BChEA, AC 4/5 , AC OF e RC 5 ) foram analisadas em 101 pacientes diabéticos do tipo 1 (DM1) e 145 do tipo 2 (DM2) em relação aos fenótipos, ao peso e à incidência da síndrome metabólica. Os complexos C 4/5 e C 5 foram separados das outras formas moleculares (C OF ), usando gel de ágar ácido. Resultados: A atividade da BChE (BChEA) e as atividades absolutas de C 4/5 (AC 4/5 ) e de C OF (AC OF ) mostraram altos coeficientes de correlações positivos com peso no grupo de CHE2 C5-, enquanto a atividade relativa do complexo C 5 (RC 5 ) mostrou correlação negativa com o peso. Conclusões: O presente estudo sugere que as correlações positivas das atividades da BChE com diabetes melito e com a resistência à insulina podem depender da variabilidade do loco CHE2. Altos valores nas atividades da BChE estão associados com a resistência à insulina somente nos pacientes diabéticos CHE2 C5-, enquanto nos pacientes diabéticos CHE2 C5+ a presença do complexo C 5 , especialmente em alta proporção relativa, leva a um menor estoque de gordura e à maior proteção contra a síndrome metabólica. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2010;54(1):60-7 DescritoresLocos BCHE e CHE2; complexos C 4/5 e C 5 ; obesidade, resistência à insulina; síndrome metabólica; colinesterase do soro

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“…Positive correlations between total BChE activity and total cholesterol levels have already been shown. 6,18,23 An increase in total BChE activity has already been detected in hyperthyroidism. 24,25 The negative correlation with E 2 is supported by data showing higher mean total BChE activity in men than in women in the fertile period, a difference that disappears after menopause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Butyrylcholinesterase and obesity in individuals with the CHE2 C5+ and CHE2 C5− phenotypes

et al. 2003

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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities (total and band specific) and body mass index (BMI) in obese and nonobese individuals, considering other variables (anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal) and the leanness process. SUBJECTS: Obese (BMIZ30 kg/m 2 ; N ¼ 181) and nonobese individuals (N ¼ 265), classified according to the CHE2 locus phenotypes, with the obese patients being followed-up when submitted to a weight-loss program. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometric (weight, height, BMI, waist, waist/hip ratioFWHR, triceps and subscapular skinfolds, percentage of body fat and arterial pressures), hormonal (insulin, estradiolFE 2 , triiodothyronineFT 3 and thyroxineFT 4 ) and biochemical (glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, uric acid, urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and BChE activities) variables. RESULTS: Although obese CHE2 C5À individuals presented higher mean BChE activities than their CHE2 C5À controls and diminished mean activities with leanness, similar comparisons did not show any difference in the CHE2 C5 þ group. Furthermore, the mean serum potassium values of obese individuals were significantly higher in the CHE2 C5 þ than in the CHE2 C5À phenotype. The BChE activities were less related to BMI in obese CHE2 C5À individuals than in their controls. In the CHE2 C5À obese group, significant regression coefficients were found between BChE activity variables and BMI ( þ ), ethnic origin (higher in Euro-Brazilians), sex (higher in males), diastolic pressure (À), triceps skinfold ( þ ), total cholesterol ( þ ), T 3 ( þ ) and E 2 (À). The main findings in the CHE2 C5 þ obese group: mean insulin levels decreased with leanness and a significant correlation was detected between the C 5 complex activity and creatinine ( þ ), insulin (À) and WHR (À); a significantly higher frequency of weight loss occurred compared to the CHE2 C5À group. CONCLUSION: In the present study, different relations between obesity and some of the studied variables were found when CHE2 C5 þ and CHE2 C5À individuals were compared.

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Butyrylcholinesterase activity and risk factors for coronary artery disease

Cited by 94 publications

References 27 publications

Paraoxonase status and plasma butyrylcholinesterase activity in chlorpyrifos manufacturing workers

Paraoxonase status and plasma butyrylcholinesterase activity in chlorpyrifos manufacturing workers

Butyrylcholinesterase and diabetes mellitus in the CHE2 C5- and CHE2 C5+ phenotypes

Butyrylcholinesterase and obesity in individuals with the CHE2 C5+ and CHE2 C5− phenotypes

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