By chance, randomness and indeterminacy methods in art and design

Díaz, Lily

doi:10.1386/jvap.10.1.21_1

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This rejection of alterity and difference not only harms social cohesion and mutual understanding, but impoverishes perspectival dialogues and, with them, individual and collective creative processes. This is why, for instance, to overcome our intrinsic preference for similarity and consensus over difference and divergence, some creativity techniques try to insert randomness in the process by presenting people with surprising stimuli, unrelated to the problem at hand or their conversations about it (for the use of these techniques in art see Díaz, 2011). These are all more or less successful attempts to infuse new perspectives into the creative process and the inner and outer dialogues that constitute it.…”

Section: A Perspective-affordance Theory Of Creativitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sociocultural Theory of Creativity: Bridging the Social, the Material, and the Psychological

Glăveanu

2020

Review of General Psychology

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The present article gives an overview of sociocultural approaches to creativity and advances a particular theory of the creative process grounded in the notions of difference, position, perspective, dialogue, and affordance. If sociocultural psychology challenges old dichotomies between mind and body, individual and society, then creativity is ideally placed to demonstrate their interdependence. While sociocultural thinking in creativity research has traditionally emphasized the social or collaborative nature of creative processes, recovering old scholarship and reviewing it in light of current empirical developments shows how socio-materiality can properly inform psychological theory in this area. The article starts with an outline of sociocultural principles before considering their application to creativity. It then formulates four propositions regarding the creative process: (a) differences of perspective increase creative potential; (b) exchanging positions and perspectives, within and between individuals, fosters creative processes; (c) these exchanges result in perspectives that reveal previously unperceived affordances; and (d) oftentimes, it is the affordances of material objects or of unique idea combinations that guide the development of novel perspectives in creative work. Evidence supporting these key hypotheses of the perspective-affordance theory of creativity (PAT) comes from research conducted in a variety of areas within psychology and in related fields. In the end, the methodological and practical implications of considering creativity as a process of recognizing differences, exchanging positions, developing perspectives and discovering affordances will be discussed, as well as the broader implications of building theories that bring together, rather than keep separate, the social, the material, and the psychological.

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Section: A Perspective-affordance Theory Of Creativitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Sociocultural Theory of Creativity: Bridging the Social, the Material, and the Psychological

Glăveanu

2020

Review of General Psychology

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“…Original repositioning, in this sense, means practically inviting participants to adopt roles that are unexpected or surprising given the problem or issue at hand. The effects of including some randomness in a creative process are well documented, particularly in art and design (Dı´az, 2011). In PROMPT, this can practically be done by assigning participants (or at least some of the participants in each sub-group, those more comfortable with this kind of task) unexpected roles.…”

Section: Prompt or How To Foster Transformative Experiences Of The Po...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Possibility Spaces: An invitation to foster transformative experiences of the possible

Glăveanu

2023

Possibility Studies & Society

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This article focuses on the applied side of Possibility Studies and the methodologies that could be used to cultivate possibility thinking and empower participants to become agents within the field of the possible. It proposes Possibility Spaces as collaborative pop-up interventions in which theories, methods and practices from across disciplines co-evolve in order to engage with and to serve participants from a wide range of communities around the world. The article starts by outlining a conceptual framework for Possible Action (P-ACT), grounded in the relation between sense of the possible, personal agency and action, which is the theoretical basis for methodologies like PROMPT (Positioning / Repositioning / Original Repositioning / Making / Possibilities Transformed), discussed in great detail. Offered as an example of how to run Possibility Spaces, PROMPT is one among other action-research tools envisioned in the paper. A future of collaboration is ultimately argued for, one in which researchers and practitioners within Possibility Studies work together with local communities to develop more methodologies that foster transformative experiences of the possible – experiences grounded in the continuous interplay between enhanced sense of the possible, personal agency, and the enactment of new possibilities.

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“…280-282). Artists employ random methods as part of a "methodical quest for the new" (Díaz, 2011), and in recognition of the challenged position of authorial intent in modern critical theory (Wimsatt and Beardsley, 1946;Barthes, 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constrained sampling of Markov Chains

Bulger

Powles²

2017

Syme, G., Hatton MacDonald, D., Fulton, B. And Piantadosi, J. (Eds) MODSIM2017, 22nd International Congress on Modelling and Si

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Homogeneous Markov chains with discrete state-space and time are very straightforward to simulate, due to the memorylessness property. In this talk, we consider sampling from the normalised restriction of a Markov chains joint distribution to a subset defined by two kinds of constraints: univariate constraints, restricting individual chain variables to belong to certain sets, and multivariate constraints, restricting non-adjacent groups of chain variables to be unequal but equivalent under a predefined equivalence relation. The multivariate constraints, in particular, present some challenges. An efficient sampling method involving Metropolis-Hastings with some pre-tabulated distributions is described. We demonstrate an application to text generation, and in particular the random generation of rhyming, scanning lyrics, as a component of an algorithmic songwriting project. In this setting, the states of the Markov chain are syllables (that know which words they are from, so that for instance the final s yllables o f p erilous and marvellous are two different states). The univariate constraints enforce the metre of the text, by indicating which syllables must be stressed or unstressed (for correct scansion) and which syllables must be word-final (so that words do not straddle lines). The multivariate constraints enforce a rhyming scheme, by requiring certain groups of syllables to rhyme without being equal. This work relies on the Carnegie Mellon Pronouncing Dictionary (CMUdict; Weide, 1998) and sample text. CMUdict contains over 130000 entries, comprising words, proper nouns et cetera as used in spoken American English. This dictionary indicates the phonemic and stress pronunciation of each entry. A Markov chain including the entire dictionary would require over 330000 syllable states. We have used sample texts, both to reduce the state space, and to build a first-order M arkov m odel o f w ord s equence, or equivalently, syllable sequence. The problem of interest is to sample from the Markov chain, subject to the constraints imposed by a given rhyming scheme. Our algorithm firstly samples the multivariately constrained chain variables. After location of a feasible subsequence of rhymed syllables, ratios of joint probabilities are calculated and compared in a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, where each candidate arises from the incumbent by replacing one set of rhyming syllables with another drawn from a pre-tabulated distribution. After a burn-in period, the skeleton provided by the rhymed syllables is fleshed out by sampling the unrhymed syllables according to the Markov chain, subject to metrical and boundary conditions.

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By chance, randomness and indeterminacy methods in art and design

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

A Sociocultural Theory of Creativity: Bridging the Social, the Material, and the Psychological

A Sociocultural Theory of Creativity: Bridging the Social, the Material, and the Psychological

Possibility Spaces: An invitation to foster transformative experiences of the possible

Constrained sampling of Markov Chains

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