By-products formation during drinking water disinfection: a tool to assess disinfection efficiency?

Gunten, Urs von; Driedger, A.; Gallard, Hervé; Salhi, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(01)00051-3

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Natural organic matter dissolved in water (DOM) is usually considered the precursor of DBP (von Gunten et al 2001;Rostad et al 2000;Leehneer et al 2001;Panyapinyopol et al 2005). DOM is a complex mixture of various compounds with very different chemical properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factorial analysis of the trihalomethane formation in the reaction of colloidal, hydrophobic, and transphilic fractions of DOM with free chlorine

Platikanov

Tauler

Rodrigues

et al. 2010

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Assuming that this study represents a local case study, similar experiments can be easily applied and will supply with relevant information every local water treatment plant meeting problems with THM formation. The coagulation/flocculation and the filtration stages are the main mechanisms to remove DOM, particularly the colloidal DOM fraction. With the objective to minimize THMs generation, different unit operation designed to quantitatively remove DOM from water must be optimized.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factorial analysis of the trihalomethane formation in the reaction of colloidal, hydrophobic, and transphilic fractions of DOM with free chlorine

Platikanov

Tauler

Rodrigues

et al. 2010

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…It is believed that the degradation of the residual chlorine dioxide and other final reaction products is faster than that observed in the case of chlorine and therefore these compounds should not represent a hazard to the aquatic environment [45]. During the disinfection with ozone, the formation of organic (e.g., aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and ketones) and inorganic (e.g., bromate) disinfection by-products has been well documented [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. Ozone does not cause the formation of chlorinated by-products such as trihalomethane, but recent studies indicate that ozone induce the formation of NDMA [54][55][56].…”

Section: By-products Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the Main Disinfection Processes for Wastewater and Drinking Water Treatment Plants

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The use of water disinfection as a public health measure reduces the spread of diseases. Various disinfection technologies can be used to meet the pathogen inactivation demand in water. This work is an overview of the main disinfection technologies of wastewater and drinking water that reports for the conventional processes the action mechanism, the possible formation of by-products, the operative conditions, the advantages and disadvantages. For advanced and natural processes the action mechanisms are reported. Advanced technologies are interesting but are still in the research state, while conventional technologies are the most used. There is a tendency, especially in Italy, to use chlorine-based disinfectant, despite in some forms could lead to production of disinfection by-products.

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“…To complete the set of parameters, two groups of DBPs were considered (trihalomethanes (THMs); haloacetic acids (HAAs)). Despite the fact that DBPs are not easy to measure, THMs and HAAs help to evaluate the adequacy of disinfection by chlorine (Von Gunten et al 2001). Their occurrence is now regulated in various countries (because of their potential effects on human health), and their spatio-temporal occurrence is highly variable (Parvez, et al 2011;Uyak, et al 2014).…”

Section: Parameter Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, application, and sensitivity analysis of a water quality index for drinking water management in small systems

Scheili

Rodriguez

Sadiq

2015

Environ Monit Assess

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The aim of this study was to produce a drinking water assessment tool for operators of small distribution systems. A drinking water quality index (DWQI) was developed and applied to small systems based on the water quality index of the Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment. The drinking water quality index was adapted to specific needs by creating four drinking water quality scenarios. First, the temporal and spatial dimensions of drinking water quality variability were taken into account. The DWQI was designed to express global drinking water quality according to different monitoring frequencies. Daily, monthly, and seasonal assessment was also considered. With the data made available, it was possible to use the index as a spatial monitoring tool and express water quality in different points in the distribution system. Moreover, adjustments were made to prioritize the type of contaminant to monitor. For instance, monitoring contaminants with acute health effects led to a scenario based on daily measures, including easily accessible and affordable water quality parameters. On the other hand, contaminants with chronic effects, especially disinfection by-products, were considered in a seasonal monitoring scenario where disinfection by-product reference values were redefined according to their seasonal variability. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to validate the index. Globally, the DWQI developed is adapted to the needs of small systems. In fact, expressing drinking water quality using the DWQI contributes to the identification of problematic periods and segments in the distribution system. Further work may include this index in the development of a customized decision-making tool for small-system operators and managers.

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By-products formation during drinking water disinfection: a tool to assess disinfection efficiency?

Cited by 69 publications

References 13 publications

Factorial analysis of the trihalomethane formation in the reaction of colloidal, hydrophobic, and transphilic fractions of DOM with free chlorine

Factorial analysis of the trihalomethane formation in the reaction of colloidal, hydrophobic, and transphilic fractions of DOM with free chlorine

Overview of the Main Disinfection Processes for Wastewater and Drinking Water Treatment Plants

Development, application, and sensitivity analysis of a water quality index for drinking water management in small systems

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