Bystander first aid in trauma – prevalence and quality: a prospective observational study

Bakke, Håkon Kvåle; Steinvik, Tine; Eidissen, Silje-Iren; Gilbert, Mads; Wisborg, Torben

doi:10.1111/aas.12561

Cited by 64 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the figure increased to 91% (vs. 96% in Ross study), when the respondents were offered an appropriate education. An increased willingness to act after education has been reported in other studies such as the one in California by Kano et al [42], and the Norwegian study by Bakke et al [35]. These statements support the results and aims of this study that some vital measures can be undertaken by civilians after an appropriate education.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The Hartford Consensus aims to use this therapeutic window to address the number one most preventable cause of death after both military and civilian injuries, i.e., external hemorrhages, using multiple steps, such as education, empowerment, and access [27,[30][31][32][33][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. Others have discussed the overall possibility for bystanders to perform other measures as immediate responders [15,20,21,35,36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The task should not necessarily be any kind of treatment; rather, the knowledge of not worsening some critical injuries can also be life-saving. Civilian intervention in the management of airways, stabilizing fractures and the spine, neurovascular assessment, and basic treatment of shock due to bleeding have all been discussed [35][36][37][38][39]. Other organizational aspects of MCI management such as finding a proper place for the deceased and those injured, ambulance parking, and helicopter landing areas, as well as evacuating uninjured people from the incident area, may be other measures that can be done by the public to ease the EMSs work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Immediate response to major incidents: defining an immediate responder!

Khorram‐Manesh

Plegas

Högstedt

et al. 2019

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

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Purpose There is a gap in time between the occurrence of a mass casualty incident (MCI) and the arrival of the first responders to the scene, which offers an opportunity for the public (immediate responders) to perform life-saving measures. The purpose of this study was to identify these measures and the public's willingness to conduct them. Method An extensive literature review was performed to identify the possible measures that can be undertaken by the public. A group of experts were asked to prioritize and rank the feasibility of performing the measures by the public. Finally, the public was asked whether they were willing to do the chosen measures before and after an appropriate education. Results Twenty different measures were identified and presented in a questionnaire as statements, which were prioritized and ranked by the expert group into four categories: what (1) should be done, (2) is good to know how, (3) is not necessary to know, and (4) should not be done. All statements were converted into understandable statements and were sent to the public. There were some differences and some agreements between the experts and the public regarding what an immediate responder should do. However, the willingness of the public to perform most of the measures was high and increased after being offered an appropriate education. Conclusion The use of immediate responders is a life-saving approach in MCIs and in situations when every minute counts and every human resource is an invaluable asset. Multiple steps, such as education, empowerment, and access, should be taken into consideration to enable bystanders to effectively help struggling survivors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immediate response to major incidents: defining an immediate responder!

Khorram‐Manesh

Plegas

Högstedt

et al. 2019

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg

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show abstract

“…Behov for framskyndet spesialistinnsats i form av anestesilegebemannede legebiler eller ambulansehelikoptre må identifiseres, likeså behov for ambulansefly som følge av saerlige lange avstander til ressurssykehus. (Bakke, Steinvik, Eidissen, Gilbert, & Wisborg, 2015). Andre undersøkelser viser at førstehjelps-kunnskapen i befolkningen er mangelfull.…”

Section: Samhandlingspliktenunclassified

For en bedre akuttmedisinsk tjeneste i Norge

Lund¹,

Ness²,

Rørtveit³

et al. 2016

Tidsskriftet

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“…In 2012 we did a review on bystanders first aid in trauma and found a mere 11 studies world-wide on the subject, most were questionnaire-based surveys [19]. Little has changed since then, and a quick search in the PubMed database reveals that the only study that have investigated the role of bystander first aid is a study we ourselves conducted [22]. Likewise, in our work with dispatch assisted first aid we again found that this topic was well-covered for OHCA, but not for trauma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

We need to include bystander first aid in trauma research

Bakke

Wisborg

2017

Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med

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BackgroundThe chain of trauma survival is a concept that originated in the area of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and was adapted to the treatment of trauma. In out-of-hospital cardiac arrest research into bystander first aid has resulted in improved outcome. Whereas, in trauma research the first link of the chain of survival is almost ignored.MethodsIn OHCA, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from bystanders has been subject of a vast amount of research, as well as measures and programs to raise the rate of bystander CPR to cardiac arrest victims. These efforts have resulted in improved survival. The research effort has been well grounded in the research community, as demonstrated by its natural inclusion in the uniform reporting template (Utstein) for the treatment of OHCA. In trauma the bystander may contribute by providing an open airway, staunch bleedings, or prevent hypothermia. In trauma however, while the chain of survival has been adopted along with it distinct links, including bystander first aid, the consensus-based uniform reporting template for trauma (the Utstein template) does not include the bystander first aid efforts. There is extremely little research on what first aid measures bystanders provide to trauma victims, and on what impact such measures have on outcome. An important step to improve research on bystander first aid in trauma would be to include this as part of the uniform reporting template for traumaConclusionThe lack of research on bystander first aid makes the first link in the trauma chain of survival the weakest link. We, the trauma research community, should either improve our research and knowledge in this area, or remove the link from the chain of survival

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Bystander first aid in trauma – prevalence and quality: a prospective observational study

Cited by 64 publications

References 22 publications

Immediate response to major incidents: defining an immediate responder!

Immediate response to major incidents: defining an immediate responder!

For en bedre akuttmedisinsk tjeneste i Norge

We need to include bystander first aid in trauma research

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