Bystander interventions for sexual assault and dating violence on college campuses: Are we putting bystanders in harm's way?

Witte, Tricia H.; Casper, Deborah M.; Hackman, Christine L.; Mulla, Mazheruddin M.

doi:10.1080/07448481.2016.1264407

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Based on that, a promising agenda of research is open for future studies and intervention design as well as their evaluation. Regarding intervention design, it is critical to insert into the intervention scope detailed information about the opportunities for intervention, before, during, and after violent episodes (McMahon & Banyard, 2012) as well as the consequences of giving and not giving help (Witte, Casper, Hackman, & Mulla, 2017). It is also important to broadly discuss aspects that can affect the interpretation of these problematic events, influenced by the ambiguity related to consent, the risk involved in the situation, and the nature of the relationship between the potential victim and the potential aggressor (Burn, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a bystander intervention for preventing dating violence in Brazilian adolescents: short-term evaluation

Santos¹,

Murta

Vinha

et al. 2019

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

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Peers are the preferred source of help for Brazilian adolescents who experience dating violence. However, they are not always the best informants for effective responses for dealing with situations of violence in romantic relationships among peers. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy of three aspects of a peer-and bystander approach-based intervention: the intent to offer help, empathy, and bystander attitudes in response to dating violence in a Brazilian sample of adolescents. The study's participants were 33 adolescents randomized in two groups: experimental group (EG, n = 14) and control group (CG, n = 19). The EG underwent three weekly intervention sessions of 90 min each on the healthy versus violent romantic relationships, the quality of friendship in the peer network, and the role of the bystander, while the CG received no intervention. Evaluations were performed 1 week before and two and half months after the intervention. Statistically significant differences between EG and CG at post-test were not found in intention to help, empathy, and bystander attitudes. Future studies should include evaluations of larger samples and mid-and long-term follow-ups to identify patterns of change over the long term as well as examine barriers to utilization of bystander behaviors by adolescents in Brazilian culture.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a bystander intervention for preventing dating violence in Brazilian adolescents: short-term evaluation

Santos¹,

Murta

Vinha

et al. 2019

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

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“…Witnessing trauma can result in behavioral impairments in both rats [Patki et al, 2014] and humans [Al-Nuaimi et al, 2015;Atwoli et al, 2015]. Particularly witnessing sexual assaults have been associated with PTSD symptoms [Lueger-Schuster et al, 2012;Witte et al, 2016].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of experimental trauma memory retrieval

Gvozdanovic

Stämpfli

Seifritz

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

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“…Of course, there may be a number of psychological consequences associated with bystander intervention. Bystanders may experience adverse psychological consequences such as vicarious trauma and intense fear if intervening (Taylor, Banyard, Grych, & Hamby, ; Witte, Casper, Hackman, & Mulla, ). However, evidence also shows that interveners feel positive, proud, and empowered for helping in comparison to those individuals who watched without acting (Witte et al., ).…”

Section: Rethinking the Bystander Effect In Violence Reduction Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking the Bystander Effect in Violence Reduction Training Programs

Levine

Philpot

Kovalenko

2019

Social Issues Policy Review

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Many violence prevention programs include a focus on the role of bystanders and third parties in violence prevention training. Central to this work has been the classic social psychological research on the "bystander effect". However, recent research on bystander behavior shows that the bystander effect does not hold in violent or dangerous emergencies. Meta-analyses of the literature show that the presence of others can facilitate as well as inhibit intervention in emergencies. Studies of real-life bystander behavior captured on CCTV cameras shows that some bystander intervention is the norm and that the likelihood of bystanders being victimized is low. One reason for the limited effectiveness of violence reduction programs may be their approach to bystanders. We argue that violence reduction programs should: recognize that some intervention is likely (although it may not always be successful); see the group as a route to successful intervention rather than a threat to the likelihood of any single individual becoming an intervener; inform bystanders of the real risks of victimization; utilize the power of social relations between bystanders, victims, and perpetrators to enhance successful intervention; seek to deliver bystander intervention training in situ, rather than away from the context of the aggression or violence.

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Bystander interventions for sexual assault and dating violence on college campuses: Are we putting bystanders in harm's way?

Abstract: Results have direct implications for developing appropriate training programs for bystander intervention programs on college campuses.

Cited by 36 publications

References 27 publications

Efficacy of a bystander intervention for preventing dating violence in Brazilian adolescents: short-term evaluation

Efficacy of a bystander intervention for preventing dating violence in Brazilian adolescents: short-term evaluation

Neural correlates of experimental trauma memory retrieval

Rethinking the Bystander Effect in Violence Reduction Training Programs

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