C-11 Acetate Pet Imaging of Prostate Cancer

Oyama, Nobuyuki; Akino, Hironobu; Kanamaru, Hiroshi; Sadato, Norihiro; Yonekura, Yoshiharu; Yamamoto, Kazutaka; Okada, Kenichiro

doi:10.1097/00005392-199904020-00570

Cited by 118 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The acetate uptake in our subgroups was similar to those of Oyama et al (6) for primary cancer, ranging from 3.3 to 9.9 SUV, compared with our 1.8-5.5 SUV. The higher numbers suggest more advanced disease in their population.…”

Section: Prostate Cancer Kinetics and Biologysupporting

confidence: 91%

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1-¹¹C-Acetate Kinetics of Prostate Cancer

Schiepers¹,

Hoh²,

Nuyts³

et al. 2008

J Nucl Med

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18 F-FDG is in widespread use in cancer imaging but has limited utility in staging and monitoring of prostate cancer. 1-11 CLabeled acetate, a substrate for the citric acid cycle, is superior. The kinetics of prostate tumors were investigated. Methods: Ten patients with primary prostate cancer, 10 with recurrent tumor, and 2 men with benign prostate hypertrophy were studied. After administration of 5.5 MBq/kg 1-11 C-acetate, dynamic PET of the pelvis was acquired for 20 min. Images were reconstructed with iterative algorithms, and corrections for attenuation and scatter were applied. Factor analysis produced factor images, representing iliac vessels and the prostate from which blood-input and tissue-output functions were derived with simple thresholding techniques. Five different kinetic models were applied to the dynamic data to estimate the rate constants. Results: The standard 3-compartment, 2-tissue model was able to describe 1-11 C-acetate kinetics of the prostate. The model could be reduced to 3 parameters by setting the tissue blood fraction and release from the second tissue compartment (k 4 ) to zero. Correction for metabolites appeared to be necessary. This reduced model performed marginally better than a 2-compartment model. A significant correlation was found between the influx rate constant (K) and acetate uptake (standardized uptake value) for primary tumors (r 5 0.91), whereas there was no correlation for recurrent tumors (r 5 20.17). Patlak graphical analysis provided accurate parameter estimates. Conclusion: A 3-compartment, 3-parameter model is able to describe adequately the acetate kinetics in prostate cancer. Significant differences between primary and recurrent cancer were found for transport k 1 , influx K, distribution volume V d , as well as early (6-10 min) and late (15-20 min) 1-11 C-acetate uptake.

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Section: Prostate Cancer Kinetics and Biologysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In 6 of 10 men with recurrent cancer, the PSA velocity was ,0.3 mg/mL/mo. Oyama et al (6) also found a relation between age and uptake. We had only 2 patients younger than 50-y-old.…”

Section: Prostate Cancer Kinetics and Biologymentioning

confidence: 89%

1-¹¹C-Acetate Kinetics of Prostate Cancer

Schiepers¹,

Hoh²,

Nuyts³

et al. 2008

J Nucl Med

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“…Sensitivity was 100% for 11 C-acetate (no accumulation in the urine) and 83% with 18 F-FDG (due to tracer retention in the bladder). 44 The relatively high proportion of 18 F-FDG prostate positivity in this study was explained by the advanced stage of the majority of cases.…”

Section: Methodological Issues Regarding the Assessment Of Locally Rementioning

confidence: 60%

“…Oyama et al 44 compared 11 C-acetate to 18 F-FDG in a small patient cohort with biopsy-proven and mostly locally advanced prostate cancer. Sensitivity was 100% for 11 C-acetate (no accumulation in the urine) and 83% with 18 F-FDG (due to tracer retention in the bladder).…”

Section: Methodological Issues Regarding the Assessment Of Locally Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a role for positron emission tomography imaging in the early evaluation of prostate cancer relapse?

Greco

Cascini

Tamburrini

2008

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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The patient population with a rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) post-therapy with no evidence of disease on standard imaging studies currently represents the second largest group of prostate cancer patients. Little information is still available regarding the specificity and sensitivity of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers in the assessment of early biochemical recurrence. Ideally, PET imaging would allow one to accurately discriminate between local vs nodal vs distant relapse, thus enabling appropriate selection of patients for salvage local therapy. The vast majority of studies show a relatively poor yield of positive scans with PSA values o4 ng ml À1 . So far, no tracer has been shown to be able to detect local recurrence within the clinically useful 1 ng ml À1 PSA threshold, clearly limiting the use of PET imaging in the post-surgical setting. Preliminary evidence, however, suggests that 11 C-choline PET may be useful in selecting out patients with early biochemical relapse (PSA o2 ng ml À1 ) who have pelvic nodal oligometastasis potentially amenable to local treatment. The role of PET imaging in prostate cancer is gradually evolving but still remains within the experimental realm. Well-conducted studies comparing the merits of different tracers are needed.

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“…It is interesting to note that as shown by small animal PET studies in rat prostate and prostate cancer models [32], androgen stimulation leads to increased 18 F-FDG uptake, indicating probable acceleration of the glucose-pyruvate-malate cycle, whilst 11 C-acetate uptake was not affected by androgen treatment.…”

Section: Prostate Metabolism In Manmentioning

confidence: 88%

PET imaging with 11C-acetate in prostate cancer: a biochemical, radiochemical and clinical perspective

Soloviev

Fini

Chierichetti

et al. 2008

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Purpose In the present study, the potential clinical role of 11 C-acetate PET mainly in the differential diagnosis, in the staging and in the follow-up of prostate cancer patients is reported. Methods Each of the above points has been accurately investigated by studying the specific biochemical and radiobiochemical behaviour of this positron emitter compound. Results and Conclusion The imaging quality of 11 C-acetate PET and its unique mechanisms of cellular uptake, make such radiotracer a powerful tool in evaluating all the steps of the prostatic cancer.Keywords PET imaging . 11 C-acetate . Prostate cancer . Biochemical perspective . Radiochemical perspective . Clinical perspective Radiolabelled acetate is a simple metabolic probe used in the study of healthy and malignant tissues, organs and glands. The use of labelled acetate in biochemical research started decades ago, and involved studying glial metabolism in the brain by MRI and myocardial metabolism by PET. A new potential for the use of this molecule in conjunction with 11 C has been established for use in oncological PET investigations.Clinical experience in some of our institutions in imaging prostate cancer by PET with 11 C-acetate appeals to the wider use of this tracer provided that the core questions underlying its biochemistry are solved. Preliminary studies performed at Castelfranco Veneto PET centre have allowed accurate "de novo" diagnosis of prostate cancer with a very low rate of false-positive cases (global accuracy approaching 90%), thus potentially playing an important role in early differential diagnosis between benign and malignant prostate lesions [1]. Moreover, the use of 11 C-acetate PET at Geneva University Hospital in the clinical setting of prostate cancer relapse after radical surgery allowed the detection of recurrences at a very early phase, i.e. in patients having only slightly increased PSA levels (lower than 0.8 ng/ml) [2]. This article deals on the early and current use of radiolabelled acetate with an attempt to understand the underlying biochemical and radiochemical principles that play a role in its applications. Early research with 11 C-acetateThe use of 11 C-acetate on animals and humans started in the early 1980s to study myocardial metabolism [3] and proved useful in patients with coronary heart disease. In these studies, a correlation between radioactivity washout from Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging (2008) 35:942-949

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C-11 Acetate Pet Imaging of Prostate Cancer

Cited by 118 publications

References 19 publications

1-¹¹C-Acetate Kinetics of Prostate Cancer

1-¹¹C-Acetate Kinetics of Prostate Cancer

Is there a role for positron emission tomography imaging in the early evaluation of prostate cancer relapse?

PET imaging with 11C-acetate in prostate cancer: a biochemical, radiochemical and clinical perspective

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C-11 Acetate Pet Imaging of Prostate Cancer

Cited by 118 publications

References 19 publications

1-11C-Acetate Kinetics of Prostate Cancer

1-11C-Acetate Kinetics of Prostate Cancer

Is there a role for positron emission tomography imaging in the early evaluation of prostate cancer relapse?

PET imaging with 11C-acetate in prostate cancer: a biochemical, radiochemical and clinical perspective

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1-¹¹C-Acetate Kinetics of Prostate Cancer

1-¹¹C-Acetate Kinetics of Prostate Cancer