C–C motif ligand 11 reduction in CLL patients serum after vitamin D supplementation

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D (VD) deficiency results in a worse prognosis in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and may affect the production of cytokines. Nonetheless, there is the lack of studies dealing with VD supplementation and its impact on chemokines in CLL patients. Aim: The primary endpoint of our interventional study was to evaluate the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on serum chemokines levels in CLL patients. Materials and methods: Eighteen subjects with CLL were enrolled for the study. Six-month-long cholecalciferol supplementation was performed in CLL patients with serum 25-OH-D3 levels below 30 ng/ml. Cytokines levels were assessed at the beginning of the study and after 6 months. Baseline measurements of cytokines were compared to those in apparently healthy controls. Results: Increased levels of CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL8, CXCL10, TNFα, bFGF, G-CSF, and VEGF were found in CLL patients in comparison with the healthy controls. In the course of the VD supplementation a decrease in serum levels of chemokines CCL11, CCL3, and cytokine PDGF-BB was observed. The decrease of CCL11 was found in CLL patients on VD supplementation solely, whereas the decrease of CCL3 and PDGF-BB was observed in CLL subjects on both chemotherapy and VD supplementation. Conclusion: The VD supplementation may exert beneficial effect on chemokines levels in CLL patients with VD deficiency.

Integrative Hematology: State of the Art

“…In some patients, however, these levels were not reached, suggesting that higher daily doses of supplementation are necessary, taking into account the reduced risk of toxicity at these doses. It is interesting to note a parallel reduction in D-dimer levels in this study, which has already been described elsewhere; this would confirm the modulating role of vitamin D in the homeostasis of the thrombotic process, as it would suggest an underlying altered coagulation pattern in patients with CLL [ 83 ]. In any case, this study does not reach conclusions on the impact of supplementation on the course of the disease, even if the overexposed data lead us to think that supplementation can only be a useful and, moreover, safe tool for modulating the biology of the neoplastic environment and reducing the proliferation of pathological B lymphocytes.…”

The Calcitriol/Vitamin D Receptor System Regulates Key Immune Signaling Pathways in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

“…Ex vivo supplementation of a vitamin D analog (EB1089) has been found to induce apoptosis in CLL cells via a p53-independent mechanism [ 19 ]. Moreover, it has been reported that vitamin D administration in vitamin D-deficient CLL patients suppresses chemokine CCL11 levels, that confer a survival advantage on CLL cells [ 20 ]. Finally, vitamin D has also been shown to inhibit CLL cell-mediated induction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells [ 21 ].…”