The
interaction between an electronically excited photocatalyst
and an organic molecule can result in the genertion of a diverse array
of reactive intermediates that can be manipulated in a variety of
ways to result in synthetically useful bond constructions. This Review
summarizes dual-catalyst strategies that have been applied to synthetic
photochemistry. Mechanistically distinct modes of photocatalysis are
discussed, including photoinduced electron transfer, hydrogen atom
transfer, and energy transfer. We focus upon the cooperative interactions
of photocatalysts with redox mediators, Lewis and Brønsted acids,
organocatalysts, enzymes, and transition metal complexes.