C-lysozyme contributes to antiviral immunity in Bombyx mori against nucleopolyhedrovirus infection

Chen, Tingting; Tan, Li-rong; Hu, Nan; Dong, Zhanqi; Hu, Zhigang; Jiang, Yaming; Chen, Peng; Pan, Min‐Hui; Lü, Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2018.05.005

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Depending on their families and on the insect species, AMPs can present varied activity spectra, ranging from antiviral or antibacterial activities to anti-fungal and anti-parasitic ones (52). Varied activity spectra have also been found for several insects’ lysozymes and LLPs (53–57). Interestingly, all of the categories and subcategories cited above were represented in the two tissues, indicating that their antimicrobial responses are diversified and that the factors responsible for their disappearance in the hemolymph (24, 41) probably act at a post-transcriptional level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Partner-specific induction ofSpodoptera frugiperdaimmune genes in response to the entomopathogenic nematobacterial complexSteinernema carpocapsae-Xenorhabdus nematophila

Huot

Bigourdan

Pagès

et al. 2019

Preprint

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13The Steinernema carpocapsae-Xenorhabdus nematophila association is a nematobacterial complex (NBC) 14 used in biological control of insect crop pests. The ability of this dual pathogen to infest and kill an insect 15 strongly depends on the dialogue between the host's immune system and each partner of the complex. Even 16 though this dialogue has been extensively studied from the two partners' points of view in several insect 17 models, still little is known about the structure and the molecular aspects of the insects' immune response 18 to the dual infection. Here, we used the lepidopteran pest Spodoptera frugiperda as a model to analyze the 19 respective impact of each NBC partner in the spatiotemporal immune responses that are induced after 20 infestation. To this aim, we first analyzed the expression variations of the insect's immune genes in the fat 21 bodies and hemocytes of infested larvae by using previously obtained RNAseq data. We then selected 22 representative immune genes for RT-qPCR investigations of the temporal variations of their expressions 23 after infestation and of their induction levels after independent injections of each partner. We found that 24 the fat body and the hemocytes both produce potent and stable immune responses to the infestation by the 25 NBC, which correspond to combinations of bacterium-and nematode-induced ones. Consistent with the 26 nature of each pathogen, we showed that X. nematophila mainly induces genes classically involved in 27 antibacterial responses, whereas S. carpocapsae is responsible for the induction of lectins and of genes 28 expected to be involved in melanization and cellular encapsulation. In addition, we found that two clusters 29 of unknown genes dramatically induced by the NBC also present partner-specific induction profiles, which 30 paves the way for their functional characterization. Finally, we discuss putative relationships between the 31 variations of the expression of some immune genes and the NBC's immunosuppressive strategies. 32 3 33Author summary 34 Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are living in the soil and prey upon insect larvae. They enter the 35 insect by the natural orifices, and reach the hemocoel through the intestinal epithelium. There, they release 36 their symbiotic bacteria that will develop within the insect and eventually kill it. Nematodes can then feed 37 and reproduce on the insect cadaver. By using transcriptomic approaches, we previously showed that 38 Lepidoptera larvae (caterpillars of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda) produce a strong immune 39 response in reaction to infestation by EPNs. However, we do not know if this immune reaction is triggered 40 by the nematode itself -Steinernema carpacapsae -or its symbiotic bacteria -Xenorhabdus nematophila. 41 To answer this question, we present in this work a careful annotation of immunity genes in S. frugiperda 42 and surveyed their activation by quantitative PCR in reaction to an injection of the bacteria alone, the axenic 43 nematode or the ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Partner-specific induction ofSpodoptera frugiperdaimmune genes in response to the entomopathogenic nematobacterial complexSteinernema carpocapsae-Xenorhabdus nematophila

Huot

Bigourdan

Pagès

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…As an important component of humoural immunity, C‐type lysozyme can participate in host immune response against pathogenic microorganism invasion (Jollès & Jollès, ). To date, a lot of studies have reported the role and function of C‐type lysozyme, including antibacterial, antitumor, anti‐inflammatory, immune‐enhancing and antivirus (Chen et al, ; Karthik et al, ; Wang & Zhang, ; Zhang et al, ). However, these lysozymes are mainly discovered in invertebrate (shrimp and crabs) and vertebrate (fish and chicken) (Callewaert & Michiels, ), the knowledge about C‐type lysozyme in reptiles is still limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the expression of Ps lysC did not change significantly after infection with poly I:C. The double‐stranded RNA (poly I:C), which can be used for mimicking of viral infection, is considered as virus‐associated molecular pattern (Caskey et al, ). Although it has been reported that c‐lysozyme could protect shrimp against WSSV (Liu et al, ; Mai & Wang, ), and Bombyx mori against nucleopolyhedrovirus infection (Chen et al, ). But different from the invertebrate, it is more dependent on adaptive immunity to fight viral diseases in P. sinensis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newly identified C‐type lysozyme in Chinese soft‐shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) exhibits potent antimicrobial activity

Yuan

et al. 2019

Aquac Res

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Lysozymes play vital roles in humoural immune response against bacterial invasion by its lytic activity. In the present study, a new C‐type lysozyme was identified and characterized from Chinese soft‐shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis. The full‐length cDNA of PslysC was of 923 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 148 amino acid residues. The multiple alignments and phylogenetic relationship analysis revealed the highly enzyme‐related conserved residues. The real‐time PCR analysis suggested that PslysC was constitutively expressed in a wide range of tissues with highest level in blood cells and liver. The expression of PslysC could be significantly up‐regulated under Aeromonas jandaei infection and ammonia exposure, while no significant changes were found under Poly I:C infection. The rPslysC protein was expressed in E. coli and purified by Ni‐NTA. The optimal pH and temperature for rPslysC protein lytic activities were determined at pH 7 and 30℃. rPslysC can inhibit the growth of eight kinds of Gram‐negative bacteria, and three kinds of Gram‐positive bacteria. The binding activity of rPslysC to different microbial polysaccharides and microorganism was analysed. The results showed that rPslysC could bind to selected bacteria, and exhibit a strong binding activity to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan, but a weak binding activity to β‐glucan. This suggests that the binding activity might be the major mechanism of action to realize the antibacterial activity. The present study will provide helpful evidence to further understand the innate immunity of P. sinensis, and the interaction mechanisms of C‐type lysozymes with bacterial membranes.

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“…Peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 (BmPGRP2-2) knockdown reduced BmNPV multiplication and mortality in cell lines and in B. mori larvae [10]. BmAtlastin-n [11] and B. mori C-lysozyme (BmC-LZM) [12] were found to enhance resistance to BmNPV when overexpressed in larvae and cells. Additionally, the B. mori Ser/Thr protein phosphatase 2A (BmPP2A) [13] was demonstrated to have an anti-BmNPV function, and Autophagy-related (ATG) protein ATG13 [14], a GP64-binding protein E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SINA-like 10 (SINAL10) [15] and chaperonin containing t-complex polypeptide 1 (TCP-1) [16], stimulates BmNPV proliferation in BmN cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Digestive Proteinase Lipase Member H-A in Bombyx mori Contributes to Digestive Juice Antiviral Activity against B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Zhang

Zhu

You

et al. 2020

Insects

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Previous studies have revealed that some proteins in Bombyx mori larvae digestive juice show antiviral activity. Here, based on the label-free proteomics data, BmLipase member H-A (BmLHA) was identified as being involved in the response to BmNPV infection in B. mori larvae digestive juice. In the present study, a gene encoding the BmLHA protein in B. mori was characterized. The protein has an open reading fragment of 999 bp, encoding a predicted 332 amino acid residue-protein with a molecular weight of approximately 35.9 kDa. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that BmLHA shares a close genetic distance with Papilio xuthus Lipase member H-A. BmLHA was highly expressed in the middle part of the B. mori gut, and the expression level increased with instar rising in larvae. There was higher expression of BmLHA in A35 than in P50 strains, and it was upregulated in both A35 and P50 strains, following BmNPV infection. The expression level of VP39 decreased significantly in appropriate recombinant-BmLHA-treated groups compared with the PBS-treated group in B. mori larvae and BmN cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of BmLHA significantly reduced the infectivity of BmNPV in BmN cells. These results indicated that BmLHA did not have digestive function but had anti-BmNPV activity. Taken together, our work provides valuable data for the clarification of the molecular characterization BmLHA and supplements research on proteins of anti-BmNPV activity in B. mori.

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C-lysozyme contributes to antiviral immunity in Bombyx mori against nucleopolyhedrovirus infection

Cited by 35 publications

References 58 publications

Partner-specific induction ofSpodoptera frugiperdaimmune genes in response to the entomopathogenic nematobacterial complexSteinernema carpocapsae-Xenorhabdus nematophila

Partner-specific induction ofSpodoptera frugiperdaimmune genes in response to the entomopathogenic nematobacterial complexSteinernema carpocapsae-Xenorhabdus nematophila

Newly identified C‐type lysozyme in Chinese soft‐shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) exhibits potent antimicrobial activity

A Novel Digestive Proteinase Lipase Member H-A in Bombyx mori Contributes to Digestive Juice Antiviral Activity against B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus

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