C-reactive protein (CRP) and long-term air pollution with a focus on ultrafine particles

Pilz, Veronika; Wolf, Kathrin; Breitner, Susanne; Rückerl, Regina; Köenig, Wolfgang; Rathmann, Wolfgang; Cyrys, Josef; Peters, Annette; Schneider, Alexandra

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.01.016

Cited by 55 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To explore the representativeness of using a central monitoring site to reflect the temporal fluctuations in PNC measurement, we compared the hourly total PNC measured in the central site with those from an intensive sampling campaign in the Augsburg region between March 2014 and April 2015 (Pilz et al 2018;Wolf et al 2017). A total of 20 sampling sites were selected based on the spatial variation of air pollution and included a mixture of urban traffic (6), urban background (5), regional traffic (4), regional background (4), and industry area (1) monitoring sites (see Figure S3).…”

Section: Air Pollution and Meteorological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hourly Exposure to Ultrafine Particle Metrics and the Onset of Myocardial Infarction in Augsburg, Germany

Chen¹,

Schneider

Cyrys

et al. 2020

Environ Health Perspect

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BACKGROUND: Epidemiological evidence on the health effects of ultrafine particles (UFP) remains insufficient to infer a causal relationship that is largely due to different size ranges and exposure metrics examined across studies. Moreover, evidence regarding the association between UFP and cardiovascular disease at a sub-daily timescale is lacking. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the relationship between different particle metrics, including particle number (PNC), length (PLC), and surface area (PSC) concentrations, and myocardial infarction (MI) at an hourly timescale. METHODS: We collected hourly air pollution and meteorological data from fixed urban background monitoring sites and hourly nonfatal MI cases from a MI registry in Augsburg, Germany, during 2005-2015. We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover analysis with conditional logistic regression to estimate the association between hourly particle metrics and MI cases, adjusted for air temperature and relative humidity. We also examined the independent effects of a certain particle metric in two-pollutant models by adjusting for copollutants, including particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10 lm or 2:5 lm (PM 10 and PM 2:5 , respectively), nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and black carbon. RESULTS: Overall, a total of 5,898 cases of nonfatal MI cases were recorded. Exploratory analyses showed similar associations across particle metrics in the first 6-12 h. For example, interquartile range increases in PNC within the size range of 10-100 nm, PLC, and PSC were associated with an increase of MI 6 h later by 3.27% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27, 6.37], 5.71% (95% CI: 1.79, 9.77), and 5.84% (95% CI: 1.04, 10.87), respectively. Positive, albeit imprecise, associations were observed for PNC within the size range of 10-30 nm and 100-500 nm. Effect estimates for PLC and PSC remained similar after adjustment for PM and gaseous pollutants. CONCLUSIONS: Transient exposure to particle number, length, and surface area concentrations or other potentially related exposures may trigger the onset of nonfatal myocardial infraction.

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Section: Air Pollution and Meteorological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Hourly Exposure to Ultrafine Particle Metrics and the Onset of Myocardial Infarction in Augsburg, Germany

Chen¹,

Schneider

Cyrys

et al. 2020

Environ Health Perspect

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“…e organic chemical compounds contained in the dust can migrate to the systemic circulatory system and cause generalized inflammation of the vessels [4,34,36]. In previous studies and the studies by other authors, it was observed that patients with T1DM present with low-level inflammation, which aggravates with time and consequently contributes to the development of chronic vascular complications [36][37][38][39][40][41]. : particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in diameter; * not to be exceeded on more than 35 days per year * * 99th percentile 3 day/year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e mechanism by which air pollutants contribute to the occurrence of diseases and premature death is not fully known. e in vivo and in vitro studies conducted so far showed that even exposing healthy volunteers to pollutant particles in the air for short periods triggers an inflammatory reaction on several different levels [34][35][36][37]. e immune system recognizes the antigens via toll-like receptors that are stimulated directly or indirectly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e immune system recognizes the antigens via toll-like receptors that are stimulated directly or indirectly. Signal transduction, which is triggered by the receptors recognizing the antigen, activates transcription factors including Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFκB), and these in turn trigger the expression of numerous genes responsible for the production of proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines (Tumour Necrosis Factor α, interleukin-6) [36,37]. Studies indicate that macrophages can capture pollutant particles and trigger an immune response in other lymphatic organs, by means of the presentation to T-lymphocytes by the dendritic cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gaseous Pollutants and Particulate Matter (PM) in Ambient Air and the Number of New Cases of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland

Michalska

Zorena

Wąż

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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The increase in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) incidence in children is worrying and not yet fully explored. It is suggested that probably air pollution exposure could contribute to the development of T1DM. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the concentration of gaseous pollutants including, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitric oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) in the air, and the number of new cases of T1DM in children. The number of new cases of T1DM was obtained from the Clinic of Paediatrics, Diabetology, and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk. The number of children of 0–18 years old in Pomeranian Voivodeship was acquired from the Statistical Yearbook. The concentrations of PM10 absorbance, NO2, NOx, SO2, and CO were measured at 41 measuring posts, between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2016. It was detected that the average annual concentration of PM10 was higher than the value acceptable to the WHO. Furthermore, the average 24-hour concentration of PM10 was 92 μg/m3 and was higher compared to the acceptable value of 50 μg/m3 (acc. to EU and WHO). Moreover, the number of new cases of T1DM showed a correlation with the annual average concentration of PM10 (β = 2.396, p<0.001), SO2 (β = 2.294, p<0.001), and CO (β = 2.452, p<0.001). High exposure to gaseous pollutants and particulate matter in ambient air may be one of the factors contributing to the risk of developing T1DM in children. Therefore, it is important to take action to decrease air pollutant emissions in Poland. It is crucial to gradually but consistently eliminate the use of solid fuels, such as coal and wood in households, in favour of natural gas and electricity. The development of new technologies to improve air quality, such as “best available techniques” (BAT) or renewable energy sources (water, wind, and solar generation) is of critical importance as well.

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“…8 Furthermore, although not consistently, previous research reported associations between short-and long-term ambient air pollution exposures and CRP. [17][18][19][20] Two previous feasibility studies (our study among Honduran women 11 Values presented for sVCAM represent the mean change in units of ng/mL for each 1 unit increase in the natural-logarithmic transformed pollution variable. biomass-exposed compared to non-biomass-exposed men and women living in Puno, Peru 22 ; the heterogenous study populations and residual confounding are limitations that may explain these discrepancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C‐reactive protein from dried blood spots: Application to household air pollution field studies

et al. 2019

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Household air pollution (HAP) is estimated to be an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but little clinical evidence exists and collecting biomarkers of disease risk is difficult in low‐resource settings. Among 54 Nicaraguan women with woodburning cookstoves, we evaluated cross‐sectional associations between 48‐hour measures of HAP (eg, fine particulate matter, PM2.5) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) via dried blood spots; secondary analyses included seven additional biomarkers of systemic injury and inflammation. We conducted sub‐studies to calculate the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in biomarkers collected over four consecutive days in Nicaragua and to assess the validity of measuring biomarkers in dried blood by calculating the correlation with paired venous‐drawn samples in Colorado. Measures of HAP were associated with CRP (eg, a 25% increase in indoor PM2.5 was associated with a 7.4% increase in CRP [95% confidence interval: 0.7, 14.5]). Most of the variability in CRP concentrations over the 4‐day period was between‐person (ICC: 0.88), and CRP concentrations were highly correlated between paired dried blood and venous‐drawn serum (Spearman ρ = .96). Results for secondary biomarkers were primarily consistent with null associations, and the sub‐study ICCs and correlations were lower. Assessing CRP via dried blood spots provides a feasible approach to elucidate the association between HAP and cardiovascular disease risk.

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C-reactive protein (CRP) and long-term air pollution with a focus on ultrafine particles

Cited by 55 publications

References 43 publications

Hourly Exposure to Ultrafine Particle Metrics and the Onset of Myocardial Infarction in Augsburg, Germany

Hourly Exposure to Ultrafine Particle Metrics and the Onset of Myocardial Infarction in Augsburg, Germany

Gaseous Pollutants and Particulate Matter (PM) in Ambient Air and the Number of New Cases of Type 1 Diabetes in Children and Adolescents in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland

C‐reactive protein from dried blood spots: Application to household air pollution field studies

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