C-reactive protein predicts death in patients with previous premature myocardial infarction—A 10 year follow-up study

Retterstøl, Lars; Eikvar, Lars; Bøhn, M.; Bakken, A.; Erikssen, Jan; Berg, Kåre

doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(01)00595-0

Cited by 78 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…[1][2][3] Epidemiological studies have associated elevated levels of acute phase proteins, mainly C-reactive protein (CRP), with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiac death. [4][5][6][7][8] Levels of several cytokines and acute phase proteins such as CRP, haptoglobin and fibrinogen, have been found to be adversely influenced by elevated body fat and to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. [9][10][11][12] The link between low-grade inflammation and risk of CVD is thought to be mediated by the elevated body fat mass (FM), as the adipocytes synthesize and secrete various cytokines, which stimulate the synthesis of acute phase reactants in hepatocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet-induced energy deficit and body fat reduction on high-sensitive CRP and other inflammatory markers in obese subjects

et al. 2009

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Aims:To dissociate the possible differential effects of negative energy balance and reduction in body fat mass (FM) on inflammatory markers: C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, interleukin-6 (IL-6), haptoglobin, transferrin and the adipokines leptin and adiponectin. Methods: Thirty-three obese subjects (BMI: 34.0±3.1 kg/m 2 , age: 43.0±10.5 years, mean±s.d., 16 men) participated in a 20-week controlled dietary intervention divided into four periods. Weight reduction was induced by an 8-week low energy diet (3.4 MJ d À1 ) (LED-1) followed by a 4-week weight maintenance program (M-1). Subsequently participants underwent an additional 4-week LED (4.2 MJ d À1 ) (LED-2) followed by a final 4-week weight maintenance diet (M-2). Blood samples and anthropometrics were assessed at baseline and after LED-1, M-1, LED-2 and M-2. Results: Body weight was significantly reduced by 13% (13.7 ± 4.0 kg, Po0.0001) after LED-1. However, a reduction in highsensitive CRP (hs-CRP) by 35% (À1.1 (95% CI: À2.5:0.2) mg l À1 , P ¼ 0.02) only became apparent after LED-2, which produced an additional weight loss of 2.9 kg compared to baseline, and it was maintained after M-2 (À1.0 (À1.4:0.4) mg l À1 , P ¼ 0.02). Also IL-6 was reduced by 21% (À0.6 (À2.4:0.2) ng l À1 , P ¼ 0.02) after M-2. The reductions in hs-CRP and IL-6 were both associated with reduction in FM but not body weight. Haptoglobin, transferrin and leptin were significantly reduced after both LED-1 and LED-2, but increased during weight maintenance. Adiponectin was not significantly changed during the intervention. Conclusions: The results suggest that, whereas haptoglobin and transferrin respond more rapidly and are more susceptible to the acute change in energy balance, a reduction in hs-CRP and IL-6 seems to be achieved by a reduction in FM when a new steady state has been established.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet-induced energy deficit and body fat reduction on high-sensitive CRP and other inflammatory markers in obese subjects

et al. 2009

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“…Recent observational data indicate that treating inflammation may lead to a decrease in cardiovascular mortality. 6,7 Xuezhikang, an extract of Cholestin, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a Chinese red-yeast rice dietary supplement. It contains a family of naturally occurring statins and has a marked modulating effect on lipids and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Xuezhikang, an Extract of Cholestin, Protects Endothelial Function Through Antiinflammatory and Lipid-Lowering Mechanisms in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

et al. 2004

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Background-Endothelial dysfunction is associated with inflammation and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. Xuezhikang, an extract of Cholestin, a dietary supplement, has lipid-modulating and antiinflammatory effects. We explored the effects of xuezhikang on endothelial function and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods and Results-We prospectively randomized 50 CHD patients to xuezhikang 1200 mg/d or placebo for 6 weeks.Fasting hs-CRP concentrations, flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) at 0 and 4 hours, and lipid parameters at 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours were monitored after a high-fat meal (800 calories; 50 g fat) in all patients. All patients underwent a high-fat meal test at the beginning of the study and after 6 weeks of treatment. Postprandial FMD was significantly worse at 4 hours after a high-fat meal (PϽ0.05), and this was associated with the area under the triglyceride curve (TG-AUC) (rϭ0.345, PϽ0.01). After 6 weeks of xuezhikang, fasting hs-CRP levels and TG-AUC (PϽ0.001 for each) decreased. Furthermore, preprandial and postprandial FMD significantly improved (PϽ0.001). There were no significant changes in serum lipids and FMD in the placebo arm. In multivariable regression analysis, changes in TG-AUC and fasting hs-CRP levels were predictive of improvement in preprandial FMD (PϽ0.05). Conclusions-Xuezhikang

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“…More recently, chronic inflammation has been identified as a component in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and CRP has been found to be a marker of cardiovascular risk (2)(3)(4)(5)(6) and associated with platelet activation in acute thrombosis (7,8 ). The concentrations of CRP measured to assess chronic inflammation in atherosclerosis are significantly lower than in acute inflammation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Standardization of Immunoassays for Measurement of High-Sensitivity C-reactive Protein. Phase I: Evaluation of Secondary Reference Materials

et al. 2003

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Background: Inflammation contributes to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and C-reactive protein (CRP) can be used as a marker to assess risk for cardiovascular diseases. As variability among existing high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) assays can lead to misclassification of patients and hamper implementation of population-based medical decision points, standardization of hsCRP assays is needed. Methods: We evaluated five proposed secondary reference materials, including two diluted preparations of Certified Reference Material 470 (CRM470), two preparations of a serum-based material with recombinant CRP added, and one serum-based material with isolated CRP added. Twenty-one manufacturers participated in the comparison with 28 different assays. We examined imprecision, linearity, and parallelism with these materials and with fresh serum. Results: All materials had similar imprecision; CVs for the undiluted materials were 2.1-3.7%. None of the materials was linear across all assays. Each had between one and three cases of nonlinearity, with one preparation of CRM470 having the fewest cases of nonlinearity. Although none of the materials was parallel across all assays, the differences in slope from fresh serum were similar across all assays. Conclusions: All materials performed similarly with regard to imprecision, linearity, and parallelism. As one preparation of CRM470 had slightly better characteris-

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C-reactive protein predicts death in patients with previous premature myocardial infarction—A 10 year follow-up study

Cited by 78 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of diet-induced energy deficit and body fat reduction on high-sensitive CRP and other inflammatory markers in obese subjects

Effect of diet-induced energy deficit and body fat reduction on high-sensitive CRP and other inflammatory markers in obese subjects

Xuezhikang, an Extract of Cholestin, Protects Endothelial Function Through Antiinflammatory and Lipid-Lowering Mechanisms in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

Standardization of Immunoassays for Measurement of High-Sensitivity C-reactive Protein. Phase I: Evaluation of Secondary Reference Materials

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