C-shaped root canal system in mandibular 2nd molars in Korean people evaluated by cone beam computed tomography

Kim, Mi‐Yeon; Kim, Jeong-Hee; Kim, Sun-Ho; Song, Byungchul; Nam, Wook Jun

doi:10.14368/jdras.2016.32.1.32

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The present study showed that 48.7% of mandibular second molars had a C-shaped canal. These findings are consistent with studies by Zheng et al [5] and Kim et al [41] whereby high prevalence of a C-shaped canal was recorded in Korean and Chinese populations, respectively. Conversely, Ahmed et al [7] reported a low incidence of 10% for C-shaped canal in a Sudanese population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Overall, the present study also revealed that the prevalence of a C-shaped canal in left and right mandibular second molars was higher in females than males ( p < 0.05). The results of the present study are consistent with two studies on Asian populations [36, 41] whereby significant differences between females and males were observed in the distribution of C-shaped canals in left and right mandibular second molars. Kim et al [36] and Kim et al [41] reported that the prevalence of a C-shaped canal was statistically significantly higher in 47 and 25% of female subjects, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The results of the present study are consistent with two studies on Asian populations [36, 41] whereby significant differences between females and males were observed in the distribution of C-shaped canals in left and right mandibular second molars. Kim et al [36] and Kim et al [41] reported that the prevalence of a C-shaped canal was statistically significantly higher in 47 and 25% of female subjects, respectively. In a CBCT study by von Zuben et al [42], the global prevalence of C-shaped canal was 13.9% with significantly higher prevalence in the population of China (44.0%) and in females (16.5%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Root canal morphology of permanent teeth in a Malaysian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography

et al. 2019

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BackgroundTo determine the root canal morphology of human permanent maxillary and mandibular teeth in a Malaysian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).MethodsA total of 208 CBCT images were examined retrospectively. Prevalence of an extra root/canal and internal morphology based on Vertucci’s classification were observed in human maxillary and mandibular permanent teeth. Variations in the external and internal morphology were compared in relation to gender and tooth side (left vs right) using Pearson Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests with significance level set at p < 0.05.ResultsIn the maxillary arch, the prevalence of three canals were observed in 0.3% of first premolars and two canals in 46.5% of second premolars. Males displayed significantly higher prevalence of two canals in maxillary second premolars than females (p < 0.05). The prevalence of a second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first and second molars were 36.3 and 8.5%, respectively. Males displayed significantly higher prevalence of a second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary second molars than females (p < 0.05). The prevalence of a second palatal canal in maxillary first and second molars were 0.9 and 0.6%, respectively. In the mandibular arch, the prevalence of two canals were observed in 5.1% of central incisors, 12.3% of lateral incisors, 6.1% of canines, 18.7% of first premolars and 0.5% of second premolars. The prevalence of a middle mesial canal, second distal canal and extra root (radix entomolaris) were detected in 1.9, 19.5 and 21.4% of mandibular first molars, respectively. The prevalence of a C-shaped canal was observed in 48.7% of mandibular second molars. Females displayed significantly higher prevalence of a C-shaped canal in the right mandibular second molars than males (p < 0.05). No other statistically significant differences in root anatomy and root canal morphology were observed in relation to gender and tooth side.ConclusionsWide variations in the root canal morphology exist among Malaysians. CBCT is a clinically useful tool in the identification of external and internal morphological variations in the human teeth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Root canal morphology of permanent teeth in a Malaysian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography

et al. 2019

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“…A further analysis of this factor identified East Asian countries with a significantly higher prevalence of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars when compared to the other regions, and the third null hypothesis was also rejected for this tooth. Even though the results of this systematic review regarding the highest prevalence of C-shaped canals in mandibular second molars observed in the female gender and East Asian countries are supported by the literature (Zhang et al 2011a, Zheng et al 2011, Kim et al 2016a, von Zuben et al 2017, Martins et al 2018a, proper explanations can only be found by tracing the genetic ancestry of human mankind 200 000 years ago (Hanihara 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Since then, several studies have addressed its morphological features reporting differences in the prevalence of this anatomical anomaly amongst various groups of teeth and populations (Fan et al 2012, Ladeira et al 2014, Martins et al 2016b, Ordinola-Zapata et al 2017, Shemesh et al 2017. Interestingly, despite authors justifying these differences based on ethnicity (Kato et al 2014, Martins et al 2018a), geographic location (von Zuben et al 2017) and gender (Kim et al 2016a,b, Martins et al 2016b, von Zuben et al 2017, no anthropological approach has been employed to support these findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of C‐shaped canal morphology using cone beam computed tomography – a systematic review with meta‐analysis

Martins

Marques

Silva³

et al. 2019

Int Endodontic J

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Background and aim To perform a systematic review of anatomical studies using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess the influence of demographic factors (age, gender and geographic region) on the prevalence of C‐shaped canal anatomy in maxillary molars, mandibular premolars and molars. Data sources A search was conducted between May and August 2018 in four electronic databases and five peer‐reviewed journals. The authors of included articles were also contacted for additional studies and the bibliographic references hand‐searched. Study eligibility criteria, participants and interventions The research protocol was previously registered in the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (CRD42018095201) and included defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Prevalence studies on C‐shaped canal anatomy in maxillary molars, mandibular premolars and molars were searched. Study appraisal and synthesis methods The selected studies were submitted to full‐text analysis and critical appraisal by two evaluators using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. The final group of papers (n = 25) were pooled and forest plots with proportions and odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval performed. Meta‐regression was undertaken to evaluate possible sources of heterogeneity and funnel plot visual analysis to assess publication bias. Results The included studies reported data on 25 445 teeth of 13 142 patients. A significant difference in the average prevalence proportion of C‐shaped configuration was observed between mandibular first (0.3%; 0.1–0.6%) and second (12%; 10.3–13.7%) molars (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the prevalence of C‐shaped configurations was observed comparing males (13.5%; 8.8–18.3%) and females (20.5%; 13.7–27.4%) in mandibular second molars (P > 0.05), although males were associated with significantly lower odds (0.573; 0.511–0.641) (P < 0.05). The pooled proportion of C‐shaped anatomy in mandibular second molars in East Asian countries (39.6%; 36.0–43.1%) was significantly higher compared with other regions. Limitations Because of the limited number of studies, no statistical analysis was performed for maxillary molars and mandibular premolars. Conclusion Meta‐analysis revealed that gender and geographic region may act as a confounding factor for the prevalence of C‐shaped anatomy in mandibular second molars, whilst age did not influence the prevalence of C‐shaped configurations in this tooth group. Knowing these preoperative factors would help to anticipate complex morphologies in clinics.

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Tooth, Root, and Canal Anatomy

Ahmed¹,

Keleş²,

Martins³

et al. 2022

Endodontic Advances and Evidence‐Based Clinical Guidelines

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C-shaped root canal system in mandibular 2nd molars in Korean people evaluated by cone beam computed tomography

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Root canal morphology of permanent teeth in a Malaysian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography

Root canal morphology of permanent teeth in a Malaysian subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography

Prevalence of C‐shaped canal morphology using cone beam computed tomography – a systematic review with meta‐analysis

Tooth, Root, and Canal Anatomy

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