C-vacancy concentration in cementite, Fe3C1−, in equilibrium with α-Fe[C] and γ-Fe[C]

Leineweber, Andreas; Shang, Shun Li; Liu, Zhe

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2014.11.046

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Recently, the non-stoichiometry of h in equilibrium with a and c with positive values of d, has been quantified. [6] On this basis, a new thermodynamic description for the cementite phase has been presented, [7] which, in contrast to the previous descriptions, [8][9][10][11] recognizes and well describes its non-stoichiometric character.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics of the Fe-N and Fe-N-C Systems: The Fe-N and Fe-N-C Phase Diagrams Revisited

Göhring

Fabrichnaya

Leineweber

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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Several thermodynamic descriptions of the Fe-N and Fe-N-C systems were proposed before now. The results of these descriptions significantly deviate from more recently obtained experimental data. The present work provides a revised thermodynamic description of these systems. The new description for the Fe-N system agrees distinctly better with the experimental data especially for the equilibrium of c 0 -Fe 4 N 1Àx and e-Fe 3 N 1+z . The new thermodynamic description for the Fe-N-C system considering the Fe-rich part of the system with less than 33 at. pct N and less than 25 at. pct C excellently agrees with the new experimental data for both the temperatures of the invariant reactions and the phase boundaries. This in particular concerns the temperature range of typical technical nitriding and nitrocarburizing treatments [723 K to 923 K, (450°C to 650°C)], within which three invariant reactions occur in the ternary system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics of the Fe-N and Fe-N-C Systems: The Fe-N and Fe-N-C Phase Diagrams Revisited

Göhring

Fabrichnaya

Leineweber

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…According to the Fe‐C phase diagram, the compositions of ultrahigh carbon steels are located between high carbon steel (carbon content 0.6‐1.0%) and cast iron (carbon content 2.1‐4.3%) . Graphite is a common phase in cast iron, however, it is rarely observed in UHCS .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Graphite Phase in Powder Metallurgical Ultrahigh Carbon Steels with High Wear Resistance

Han

Liu

Chen³

et al. 2018

Adv Eng Mater

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Carbon with different forms and morphologies plays a key role in the wear resistance of ultrahigh carbon steels (UHCS). In this study, UHCS with carbon contents from 1.4 to 1.9 wt% are prepared through powder metallurgy route, and an organic compound is used as the carbon source. The microstructures, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of UHCS are investigated. Results show that the graphite phase is formed in UHCS, and the morphology of graphite changes from granular to irregular strip-type with the increase of carbon content. The synthesized UHCS show improved wear resistance compare to other reported UHCS with no graphite. Moreover, the UHCS with 1.7 wt% C is found to have the best wear resistance with a wear rate of 4.14 Â 10 À6 mm 3 /N Á m. Besides, it is found that the wear rate and the coefficient of friction (COF) of UHCS increase after heat treatments. This is mainly due to the diffusion of carbon into the matrix, which leads to the reduction of graphite. The results are much helpful for preparing UHCS with controllable graphite morphology, and better wear resistance.

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“…Finally, it has to be noted that structural changes in the eutectic cementite may occur upon low-temperature annealing at small thermal load, even though the macroscopic morphology of the eutectic cementite plates remains unchanged. At high temperature, cementite is non-stoichiometric and contains carbon vacancies [23,45,46]. These vacancies are quenched-in due to fast cooling after solidification and lead to characteristic changes in the cementite lattice parameters (results presented elsewhere [10]).…”

Section: Thermal Stability Of the Eutectic Cementitecoarsening And Grmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐temperature annealing and graphitizing of white‐solidified low‐alloy cast irons

Kante

Leineweber

Holst

et al. 2019

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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Hypoeutectic iron‐carbon and iron‐carbon‐silicon model alloys as well as conventional cast irons GJL‐250mod and EN‐GJS‐600‐3 have been produced and processed by different solidification techniques, i. e. mold casting, electron beam surface remelting and melt spinning. The white‐solidified alloys exhibit different degrees of microstructural refinement indicated by a secondary dendrite arm spacing of 0.3 μm–12 μm. The effects of microstructural refinement and silicon content on the hardness as well as on coarsening of cementite and graphitizing at temperatures of 540 °C to 670 °C have been investigated. The hardness of the as‐solidified alloys increases with decreasing secondary dendrite arm spacing and increasing silicon content. High silicon content effectively retards coarsening of pearlitic cementite, and thus is beneficial to retain the hardness at small thermal load. On the downside, high degree of microstructural refinement and high silicon content promote and accelerate graphitizing at temperatures > 600 °C. The results are discussed in terms of the applicability of a recently developed two‐step surface treatment for cast irons, i. e. electron beam remelting followed by nitriding.

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C-vacancy concentration in cementite, Fe3C1−, in equilibrium with α-Fe[C] and γ-Fe[C]

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Thermodynamics of the Fe-N and Fe-N-C Systems: The Fe-N and Fe-N-C Phase Diagrams Revisited

Thermodynamics of the Fe-N and Fe-N-C Systems: The Fe-N and Fe-N-C Phase Diagrams Revisited

Formation of Graphite Phase in Powder Metallurgical Ultrahigh Carbon Steels with High Wear Resistance

Low‐temperature annealing and graphitizing of white‐solidified low‐alloy cast irons

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