CA125 and Placental Alkaline Phosphatase as Serum Tumor Markers in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma

Vergote, Ignace; Abeler, Vera M.; Børmer, Ole P.; Stigbrand, Torgny; Tropé, Claes G.; Nustad, Kjell

doi:10.1159/000217761

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Placental ALP is a heat stable enzyme present at high levels in the placenta. A trace amount of this isoenzyme can be detected in normal sera [22]. Part of the serum placental-type activity originates from neutrophils.…”

Section: Placental Alkaline Phosphatasementioning

confidence: 98%

Alkaline Phosphatase: An Overview

2013

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Alkaline phosphatase (ALP; E.C.3.I.3.1.) is an ubiquitous membrane-bound glycoprotein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate monoesters at basic pH values. Alkaline phosphatase is divided into four isozymes depending upon the site of tissue expression that are Intestinal ALP, Placental ALP, Germ cell ALP and tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase or liver/bone/kidney (L/B/K) ALP. The intestinal and placental ALP loci are located near the end of long arm of chromosome 2 and L/B/K ALP is located near the end of the short arm of chromosome 1. Although ALPs are present in many mammalian tissues and have been studied for the last several years still little is known about them. The bone isoenzyme may be involved in mammalian bone calcification and the intestinal isoenzyme is thought to play a role in the transport of phosphate into epithelial cells of the intestine. In this review, we tried to provide an overview about the various forms, structure and functions of alkaline phosphatase with special focus on liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase.

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Section: Placental Alkaline Phosphatasementioning

confidence: 98%

Alkaline Phosphatase: An Overview

2013

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“…In a number of previous publications, changes in serum CA 125 results were considered significant if the prechange concentration increased by 50% (Krebs et al, 1986;Vergote et al, 1992) or by 100% (Bast et al, 1983(Bast et al, , 1984Fioretti et al, 1987;Panza et al, 1988;Gadducci et al, 1990Gadducci et al, , 1991Cruickshank et al, 1992;Fioretti et al, 1992). However, these criteria produce too many falsepositive results because in many cases the increase does not exceed the fluctuations attributable to analytical and biological variability, e.g.…”

Section: Discarded Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If patients have elevated serum CA 125 levels at diagnosis, serial serum CA 125 determinations during initial therapy accurately reflect the disease course in more than 74% of the matched events (clinical versus marker response, stability or progression) (Tuxen et al, 1995). However, there is no consensus concerning the interpretation of consecutive tumour marker concentrations and several different criteria have been proposed (Bast et al, 1983(Bast et al, , 1984Krebs et al, 1986;Fioretti et al, 1987;Panza et al, 1988;Gadducci et al, 1990Gadducci et al, , 1991Cruickshank et al, 1992;Fioretti et al, 1992;Rustin et al, 1992;Vergote et al, 1992;Rustin et al, 1993Rustin et al, , 1997, but none are able to eliminate the false positive marker signals as regards tumour progression.…”

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confidence: 99%

Serum tumour marker CA 125 in monitoring of ovarian cancer during first-line chemotherapy

Tuxen

Sölétormos²,

Dombernowsky

2001

Br J Cancer

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SummaryThe value of the serum tumour marker CA 125 to date has been in the monitoring of ovarian cancer patients for response to therapy and for recurrence of disease. However, despite the availability of serial data on CA 125, the problem of interpreting a change over time is still unsolved. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of CA 125 to monitor patients with ovarian cancer during postoperative chemotherapy. 255 patients with stage IC-IV ovarian cancer were allocated to the tumour marker monitoring study. The evaluation of CA 125 information was based on the analytical imprecision, the normal intra-individual biological variation, the sampling interval, and the cut-off value. Additionally, a new assessment criterion based upon an increment of 2.5 times the baseline CA 125 concentration confirmed by a third measurement was elaborated and the utility investigated. The efficiency of CA 125 for identifying progression and non-progression during first-line chemotherapy was 91.9%. The median lead time for true positive results was 41 days. Using the new elaborated criterion the efficiency of CA 125 for identifying progression and non-progression during first-line chemotherapy was 90.5%. The median lead time for true positive results was 35 days. CA 125 gave reliable prediction of progressive disease during postoperative chemotherapy. The results indicate a high applicability of the presented progression criteria during CA 125 monitoring of patients with changing activity of ovarian cancer.

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“…An important issue with sequential tumor marker measurements is to obtain early reliable information about response to chemotherapy and to detect clinically occult recurrence. Others have defined a 50% increment as indicator of progression and a 50% decrement as indicator of response (11,12). However, a significant change in serum tumor marker concentrations during monitoring of ovarian cancer patients has as yet not been defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Sequential Measurements of Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125), Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) Based on Analytical Imprecision and Biological Variation in the Monitoring of Ovarian Cancer

Tuxen

Sölétormos²,

Petersen³

et al. 2001

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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The main objective with cancer antigen 125 (CA 125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) monitoring of ovarian cancer patients is to detect an early change of disease activity with high reliability. We hypothesized that a monitoring scheme for ovarian cancer patients with serological tumor markers should take into account the stochastic variation, i.e. the probability that observed increases and decreases may solely be due to analytical imprecision and normal intra-individual biological variation. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed characteristic of the within-subject mean steady state concentrations and the associated variability in healthy individuals with an age distribution representative for ovarian cancer patients. Thirty-one healthy women with a median age of 55 years comprised the study population. Sixteen blood samples were collected from each subject in four series, with four samples per series, over a period of approximately 1 year. We found that, i) natural logarithmic-transformed concentrations were more homogeneously distributed between individuals than the original concentrations, ii) the within-subject mean steady state levels, the standard deviations, and the coefficients of variation differed among subjects, and iii) the steady state variability differed among the markers. In conclusion, our data indicate that the assessment of sequential CA 125, CEA, and TPA concentrations is more complex than hitherto recognized. We suggest that it is necessary to adjust the assessment criteria to the type of marker, and that assessment may be facilitated if based on natural logarithmic transformed concentrations.

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CA125 and Placental Alkaline Phosphatase as Serum Tumor Markers in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Alkaline Phosphatase: An Overview

Alkaline Phosphatase: An Overview

Serum tumour marker CA 125 in monitoring of ovarian cancer during first-line chemotherapy

Interpretation of Sequential Measurements of Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125), Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) Based on Analytical Imprecision and Biological Variation in the Monitoring of Ovarian Cancer

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