Cadaveric Hands-on Training for Surgical Specialties: Is This Back to the Future for Surgical Skills Development?

Holland, J; Waugh, Leuman M.; Horgan, Alan; Paleri,; Deehan, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2010.10.002

Cited by 86 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…During the succeeding years, Ellis [52], Pawlina and Lachman [53], Regenbogen et al [54], Holland et al [55], and many other surgeons, anatomists, and medical educationalists also raised this issue and emphasized the significance of CD in medical and surgical training. In order to overcome these deficiencies, many institutions in the UK [55, 56], New Zealand [57], Australia [58, 59], and the USA [60, 61] have recommended and/or included additional dissection programs of specific body parts in their surgical residency programs. Details of the institutions offering CD in surgery training are given in Table 2.…”

Section: Current State Of CD In Medical Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadaver Dissection Is Obsolete in Medical Training! A Misinterpreted Notion

Memon¹

2018

Med Princ Pract

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Cadaver dissection (CD) is considered a tool for studying the structural details of the human body. Lately, conflicting opinions regarding the utility of this modality in medical training have been published in medical literature. This review of the literature examines the status of anatomy teaching with CD in traditional, modern, and postgraduate medical training across the world. Literature published in the English language on topics related to CD in the past 3 decades was scrutinized using different search engines. About 200 full texts were reviewed. We describe how medical schools have continued to include CD in anatomy teaching in the traditional or modified form. Medical schools that stopped or decreased CD have learnt from their experiences, and have restarted it in modified forms by integrating it vertically with medical training. In addition, CD activities have increased in postgraduate anatomy courses, surgery training, and voluntary/optional CD programs. CD, when integrated vertically, still has a part to play in medical training in modified ways. This overview may help curriculum designers to place CD in medical curricula and training programs in a justified manner.

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Section: Current State Of CD In Medical Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadaver Dissection Is Obsolete in Medical Training! A Misinterpreted Notion

Memon¹

2018

Med Princ Pract

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“…This method has already been implemented in postgraduate surgical technique training [44] and is now being considered as a method for teaching clinically relevant anatomy and surgical techniques in tandem [45]. Examples of its use include teaching intra-abdominal pathology with the use of laparoscopy in cadaveric specimens [46].…”

Section: Cadaveric Based Teachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantage of cadaveric surgery is that hands-on visualization allows the student/trainee to immediately grasp the functions and anatomical relations of each structure [44]. It has many similarities with the original dissection based anatomy teaching method, however by providing students with a surgical task, it requires concentration on a specific anatomical location in depth whilst maintaining interest and exposure to surgical skills [45].…”

Section: Cadaveric Based Teachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teaching Anatomy; Dissecting its Delivery in Medical Education

Jordan¹,

Griffin²,

Phillips³

et al. 2016

MEDJ

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Anatomy has long been a topic of interest amongst both those in medicine and those not. The understanding of biology, in terms of the function and structure of the organs and other structures of the body, has dramatically changed over time, and has been closely related to both scientific improvement and religious feeling.There is no doubt that gross anatomy is one of the preclinical cornerstones of medical education, but the way in which it has been taught has changed over the years. As early as the 16 th century, Vesalius stated that anatomy could only be taught by dissection, however, alternative options for cadaveric study are certainly more available now than when this statement was made.Current teaching methods incorporate the tried and tested cadaveric based dissection, but has more recently been super ceded by the use of computer based imaging and the change to self-orientated or problem based learning. The shift towards the latter has led to a perceived suffering to the gain of anatomical and pathological knowledge of new doctors and surgeons. This paper aims to describe the history of anatomy teaching and review the current evidence for and against the current methods used for its deliverance.Keywords: Anatomy, Medical education, Surgical practice, Teaching. ANATOMY; WHY BOTHER?Human anatomy refers specifically to the consideration of the various structures that make up the human body. This can be separated into systematic or regional anatomy sections; the first describing certain characteristics for instance osteology; focusing on the human skeleton, and angiology; looking at the vascular system. The latter description, regional anatomy, takes into account all of the individual systems and notes how they interact and function together in a certain region e.g. the lower limb, or the thorax. In addition to this anatomy encompasses both adult and embryological anatomy, as well as applied and clinical anatomy; the direct application of the pathological conditions which may occur, and a practical application of anatomy [1].There is no doubt that gross anatomy is one of the preclinical cornerstones of medical education [2,3]. Every doctor must grasp the concepts of anatomy to aid in appropriate diagnosis and management of their patient, as well as communication with peers and patients, and it comes as no surprise that anatomy and surgical practice must be interrelated.Doctors need to have a firm understanding of anatomy and this should be based on a theoretical knowledge, a practical 3D application of this knowledge, as well as an appropriate bedside or clinical application on the patient [4].Current perception is that anatomy knowledge in inadequate, with a belief amongst senior surgical program directors in the UK feeling that knowledge of anatomy was lacking, or in need of a refresher course, in a total of 91% of new doctors. This was further supplemented with 52% feeling that anatomical knowledge was significantly less in new Likewise, there has been an increase in anatomical competence related...

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“…While costs are impacting on cadaveric training at medical schools around the world, 12 its use for rehearsing operative anatomy and approaches appear to be growing. 13 Formalin preserved tissue obviously behaves differently from live human tissue and cannot reproduce bleeding but newer cryogenic preservation processes may at least improve dissection quality.…”

Section: Perceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulationin Neurosurgery: A Survey of Experiences and Perceptions in the UK

Coulter

Brennan

2013

Bulletin

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The traditional, time intensive apprenticeship model of surgical skill acquisition has become impracticable in the current era of working hour restrictions limiting the total hours available for surgical training. Trainees feel 'hands on' operative exposure has reduced, impacting on training as well as patient safety. While working hour restrictions persist, simply increasing the length of surgical training will not adequately overcome reduced exposure to operative training. Improving quality and efficiency of training must therefore utilise learning outside the operating theatre; simulation training could form part of this.

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Cadaveric Hands-on Training for Surgical Specialties: Is This Back to the Future for Surgical Skills Development?

Cited by 86 publications

References 8 publications

Cadaver Dissection Is Obsolete in Medical Training! A Misinterpreted Notion

Cadaver Dissection Is Obsolete in Medical Training! A Misinterpreted Notion

Teaching Anatomy; Dissecting its Delivery in Medical Education

Simulationin Neurosurgery: A Survey of Experiences and Perceptions in the UK

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