Cadmium and zinc localization by SIMS in leaves of <i>Populus deltoides</i> (cv. Lena) grown in a metal polluted soil

SummaryHeavy metal accumulation in the environment poses great risks to flora and fauna. However, monitoring sites prone to accumulation poses scale and economic challenges. In this study, we present and test a method for monitoring these sites using fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) change in response to zinc (Zn) accumulation in plants as a proxy for environmental health. We modified a plant Zn transport protein by adding flanking fluorescent proteins (FPs) and deploying the construct into two different species. In Arabidopsis thaliana, FRET was monitored by a confocal microscope and had a 1.4-fold increase in intensity as the metal concentration increased. This led to a 16.7% overall error-rate when discriminating between a control (1 lM Zn) and high (10 mM Zn) treatment after 96 h. The second host plant (Populus tremula · Populu salba) also had greater FRET values (1.3-fold increase) when exposed to the higher concentration of Zn, while overall error-rates were greater at 22.4%. These results indicate that as plants accumulate Zn, protein conformational changes occur in response to Zn causing differing interaction between FPs. This results in greater FRET values when exposed to greater amounts of Zn and monitored with appropriate light sources and filters. We also demonstrate how this construct can be moved into different host plants effectively including one tree species. This chimeric protein potentially offers a method for monitoring large areas of land for Zn accumulation, is transferable among species, and could be modified to monitor other specific heavy metals that pose environmental risks.

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“…, 2000; Kupper et al. , 2007), while Zn has been shown to localize in both the mesophyll and epidermal cells (Migeon et al. , 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant‐based FRET biosensor discriminates environmental zinc levels

Adams

Adeli

Hsu

et al. 2011

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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“…The microanalysis was carried out using an ionic microanalyzer IMS LAM (Frache et al,2011). The principle of the method and its applications to the study of biological sections has been described in detail previously (Castaing and Slodzian,1962; Migeon et al,2011). Briefly, summarizing, this instrument generated images representing the distribution of elements in a biological sections with a spatial resolution of about 0.1–0.2 μm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of parietal and principal gastric mucosa cells in the phenomenon of concentration of aluminum and indium

Maghraoui

Àyadi

Audinot³

et al. 2011

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The subcellular behavior of aluminum and indium, used in medical and industrial fields, was studied in the gastric mucosa and the liver after their intragastric administration to rats, using, two of the most sensitive methods of observation and microanalysis, the transmission electron microscopy, and the secondary ion mass spectrometry. The ultrastructural study showed the presence of electron dense deposits, in the lysosomes of parietal and principal gastric mucosa cells but no loaded lysosomes were observed in the different studied hepatic territories. The microanalytical study allowed the identification of the chemical species present in those deposits as aluminum or indium isotopes and the cartography of their distribution. No modification was observed in control rats tissues. In comparison to previous studies describing the mechanism of aluminum concentration in the gastric mucosa and showing that this element was concentrated in the lysosomes of fundic and antral human gastric mucosa, our study provided additional informations about the types of cells involved in the phenomenon of concentration of aluminum and indium, which are the parietal and the principal cells of the gastric mucosa. Our study demonstrated that these cells have the ability to concentrate selectively aluminum and indium in their lysosomes, as a defensive reaction against intoxication by foreign elements.

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“…The microanalysis was carried out using an ionic microanalyser IMS6f modified (Frache et al,2011). The principle of the method and its applications to the study of biological sections have been described in detail previously (Castaing and Slodzian,1962; Migeon et al,2011). Briefly summarizing, this instrument generated images representing the elemental distribution in the biological sections with a spatial resolution of about 0.1–0.2 μm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly summarizing, this instrument generated images representing the elemental distribution in the biological sections with a spatial resolution of about 0.1–0.2 μm. This technique allowed the detection of all elements (and isotopes) of the periodic table such as aluminum (Candy et al,1992) or zinc (Migeon et al,2011) at low concentrations of the order of few ppm. The analysis was conducted using a primary gallium ion (Ga + ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular localization of samarium in the lactating mammary gland cells: Ultrastructural and microanalytical study

Àyadi¹,

Maghraoui²,

Jean-Nicolas³

et al. 2011

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The frequent use of some rare earths in the medical and industrial domains make us worry about their intracellular behavior into the body. Reason for which we have investigated the subcellular localization of one of these elements, the samarium, in the mammary gland of lactating female wistar rats using two very sensitive methods of observation and microanalysis, the transmission electron microscopy and the secondary ion mass spectrometry. The ultrastructural study showed the presence of electron dense deposits in the lactating mammary glandular epithelial cell lysosomes of the samarium-treated rats, but no loaded lysosomes were observed in those of control rats. The microanalytical study allowed both the identification of the chemical species present in those deposits as samarium isotopes ((152) Sm(+)) and the cartography of its distribution. Our results confirm the previous ones showing that lysosomes of the glandular epithelial cells are the site of the intracellular concentration of foreign elements such as gallium. The intralysosomal deposits observed in the mammary glandular cells of the samarium-treated rats are similar in their form and density to those observed with the same element in other varieties of cells, such as liver, bone marrow, and spleen cells. Our ultrastructural and microanalytical results and those obtained in previous studies allow deducing that the intralysosomal deposits are very probably composed of an insoluble samarium phosphate salt.

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Cadmium and zinc localization by SIMS in leaves of Populus deltoides (cv. Lena) grown in a metal polluted soil

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Plant‐based FRET biosensor discriminates environmental zinc levels

Plant‐based FRET biosensor discriminates environmental zinc levels

Role of parietal and principal gastric mucosa cells in the phenomenon of concentration of aluminum and indium

Intracellular localization of samarium in the lactating mammary gland cells: Ultrastructural and microanalytical study

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