Cadmium Concentration in Grains of Japanese Wheat Cultivars : Genotypic Difference and Relationship with Agronomic Characteristics

Differences in Cadmium Accumulation and Root Morphology in Seedlings of Japanese Wheat Varieties with Distinctive Grain Cadmium Concentration

“…However, the relationship between shoot growth pattern and Cd accumulation at the seedling stage was not close. At the maturity stage in wheat, Kubo et al (2008a) reported negative correlations of stem number and plant height with grain Cd concentration. Harris and Taylor (2001) also reported that the size of the shoot as Cd pools may control the remobilization of Cd to the grain.…”

“…Our previous study reveals a varietal difference in grain Cd concentration in Japanese common wheat using diverse materials (Kubo et al, 2008a). Grain Cd concentration in Nishikazekomugi, Kitakamikomugi and Nanbukomugi was 54.5, 43.9 and 29.2 ng g -1 , respectively.…”

“…Breeding lines with a low grain Cd concentration have been developed in durum wheat in Canada (Clarke et al, 1997). In a previous study, we showed varietal difference in grain Cd concentration in Japanese common wheat using diverse materials (Kubo et al, 2008a). However, the factors affecting the difference in grain Cd concentration remain unclear, even though such information is useful for effective genetic improvements.…”

Cadmium uptake and translocation in durum wheat varieties differing in grain-Cd accumulation

“…Cadmium contamination of agricultural soils is expected to increase in the future, due to the prolonged application of Cd-containing phosphate fertilisers, and the rising use of waste waters and sewage sludge for irrigation and fertilisation (Kubo et al 2008(Kubo et al , Čásová et al 2009.…”

Effects of Ammonium Chloride Fertilizer and its Application Stage on Cadmium Concentrations in Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) Grain

“…According to a survey on Cd concentrations performed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan in 2000 -2002, the Cd concentration in wheat grain harvested in Japan was 0.072 mg kg -1 on average, with a standard deviation of 0.057 mg kg -1 , and a maximum concentration of 0.470 mg kg -1 (WHO and FAO, 2006). The Cd concentration in wheat grain is influenced by certain properties, including soil pH (Singh et al, 1995;Oliver et al, 1998;Adams et al, 2004), nitrogen fertilizer application (Mitchell et al, 2000;Wångstrand et al, 2007;Gao et al, 2010;Perilli et al, 2010;Li et al, 2011), soil Cd concentration (Ibaraki et al, 2005), and wheat cultivars (Kubo et al, 2008). Of these properties, soil salinity, particularly soil chloride (Cl) concentration, is an important factor that influences the accumulation of Cd in various crops, such as sunflower, potato, Swiss chard, wheat, kenaf, and corn (Li et al, 1994;McLaughlin et al, 1994;Smolders and McLaughlin, 1996;McLaughlin et al, 1997;Smolders et al, 1998;Norvell et al, 2000;Weggler-Beaton et al, 2000;Wu et al, 2002;Weggler et al, 2004;Hattori et al, 2006;Ghallab and Usman, 2007).…”