Cadmium content in fresh and canned squid (Loligo opalescens) from the Pacific coastal waters of California (USA)

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) levels were determined in 70 samples of mantle tissue and 70 whole individual squid (Loligo opalescens; commercially known as California squid). Samples were collected from the coastal zones of California (USA) during the period 2007/2008. To further investigate consumer exposure to processed fishery products, cadmium concentration was also determined in 200 canned samples of squid. Cd concentrations in raw mantle were low, between 0.01 and 0.29 mg kg(-1) and below the tolerance limit of current regulations (1 mg kg(-1)). Respective concentrations in whole individuals were significantly higher, ranging from 0.51 to 1.18 mg kg(-1), attributed to the presence of the visceral portion in whole squid samples. Cd concentrations varied in relation to age and sex of squid, indicating that several physiological factors may influence accumulation. Furthermore, canning of squid substantially enhanced Cd levels. Cd concentration ranged 0.17-0.67 mg kg(-1) in canned mantle tissue and 0.86-2.07 mg kg(-1) in canned whole squid samples, due to both concentration after canning and movement of the metal between different tissues. Several biological compounds, including metallothioneins, nucleic acids and enzymes, may affect Cd concentrations in commercial fishery products.

Commercial squids: Characterization, assessment of potential health benefits/risks and discrimination based on mineral, lipid and vitamin E concentrations

“…Cephalopods are known for their ability to toler-ate high concentrations of Cd (Semedo et al, 2012;Storelli et al, 2010) when compared to other seafood. The observed concentra-tion ranges are similar to those indicated for L. vulgaris (Manso et al, 2007;Storelli, 2008), for L. opalescens (Galitsopoulou et al, 2009), and for L. gahi (Seixas et al, 2005) for Cd. The levels reported for L. vulgaris (Lourenço et al, 2009) and for L. gahi (Falandysz, 1989) for Pb, as well as for L. duvaucelli for Cd and Pb (Prafulla et al, 2001) were globally higher than the determined in this study.…”

“…Mediterranean countries are top consumers of cephalopods being only equaled or surpassed by some Asian countries (FAO, 2012). Diets that include seafood on a regular basis may represent some health benefits regarding nutritionally relevant compounds such as minerals, omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E. However, cephalopods contamination with aquatic pollutants, namely toxic metals has been reported as a consequence of environmental pollution (Galitsopoulou et al, 2009;Lourenço et al, 2009;Manso et al, 2007;Prafulla et al, 2001;Seixas et al, 2005;Storelli et al, 2010). In addition, cephalopods have poor metabolic capacity (Gomes et al, 2013;Semedo et al, 2012) which facilitates bioaccumulation.…”

“…Authors found that squid presents no health concern with respect to methyl-mercury. Moreover, the majority of the few studies available are related with environmental monitoring studies while in terms of food safety only the edible tissues should be analyzed (Falandysz, 1989;Galitsopoulou et al, 2009;Lourenço et al, 2009;Manso et al, 2007;Prafulla et al, 2001;Seixas et al, 2005).…”

Evaluation of mercury, cadmium and lead levels in fish and fishery products imported by air in North Italy from extra-European Union Countries

“…In these species, Cd accumulates primarily in many tissues other than the mantle (Galitsopoulou, Georgantelis, Kontominas, 2009), such as the digestive gland (Bernardi, Trezzi, Renon, Cattaneo, & Malandra, 2004;Nessim & Riad, 2003;Pastorelli et al, 2011;Raimundo, Caetano, & Vale, 2004), that is the organ involved in storage and in detoxification of this metal (Pastorelli et al, 2012). It is however to be noted that this kind of analysis was performed on the edible part of the product, and also Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 established limits for edible part of cephalopods without internal organs.…”

Solid-phase extraction of heavy metal ions on bucky tubes disc in natural water and herbal plant samples

“…Atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic emission spectrometry, electroanalytical techniquesm, etc. are used for the heavy metal determinations (Ganjavi et al 2010;Kadi 2009;Zarzecka and Gugala 2009;Matraszek and Hawrylak-Nowak 2009;Galitsopoulou et al 2009;Dias et al 2009;Moraes et al 2009;Pashkova 2009;Balakrishna and Pervez 2009). The lower levels of analytes than the detection limit of instruments are one of the important problems in these determinations (Soylak 1998;Soylak et al 2000;Rezaei et al 2009;Aydin et al 2009;Gonzalvez et al 2009).…”